Henry Tudor's hold on the throne, 1485-87

What did a nation’s security depend on in the Middle Ages?

The character and strength of its ruler.

Why was Henry VII targeted by other claimants after 1485?

He was seen as a usurper with a weak claim to the throne.

Through which parent did Henry derive his Lancaster claim?

His mother, Margaret Beaufort.

Why was the Beaufort line’s claim technically weak?

John Beaufort was born before his parent’s marriage.

Who was the third son of Edward III in Henry’s lineage?

John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster.

Who was Henry VII’s paternal grandmother?

Catherine of Valois.

What was the relationship between Henry VII and Henry VI?

Henry VII was the half-nephew of Henry VI.

What title did Henry VI grant to Henry VII’s father, Edmund?

Earl of Richmond.

What provided the strongest practical proof of Henry’s claim?

His victory in battle of Richard III.

What was the main aim of Henry VII’s policies?

To secure his throne and establish his dynasty.

What happened to Richard III’s reign after two years?

It was successfully challenged and ended at Bosworth.

Who was the father of Henry VII?

Edmund Tudor.

Who was the Welsh grandfather of Henry VII?

Owen Tudor.

What defined the success of Henry VII’s early kingship?

His actions in the first two years of his reign.

What was Henry VII’s goal for his descendants?

To ensure their unchallenged succession to the throne.