Judicial Branch

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9 Terms

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Article III

Guarantees one Supreme Court & judicial independence

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Judicial Independence

Lifetime appointments for Justices and Congress cannot lower salaries of sitting justices

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Inferior Courts

Court of appeals, district courts, & federal tribunes

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Federalist 78

Early argument for judicial review against acts that violate constitution

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Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Affirmed power of judicial review by striking down unconstitutional law in Congress

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John Marshall

Supreme Judge on McCulloch v. Maryland

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Constitutionalism

adherence to a system of constitutional government

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Judicial Review

Determine if acts of Congress, executive branch, & state governments comply with Constitution

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Supreme Court

Nine, sitting active members