anatomy quiz test

Anatomy

The study of the structure of the body

Physiology

The study of the function of the body

Microscopic Anatomy

need microscope to see these structures

Cytology

Study of cells

Histology

Study of tissues

Pathology

Study of diseases

Characteristics of Living organisms

Organization

Responsivness

Growth and differentation

movement

metabolism and excretion

reproduction

Integumentary

Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails

Skelatal

bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow

muscular

Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, tendons

Nervous

Fast responses, brain, spinal cord. peripheral nerves, sensory organs

Endocrine

involved in hormones, “slower and longer lasting responses”, pituitary, Thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads

Cardiovascular

heart, blood vessels, blood

Lymphatic

purifies and filters plasma, regulates water balance, includes the spleen. lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus

Respiratory

nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli (air sacs), lungs

Digestive

Teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines

Urinary

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Homeostasis

the ability of a living organism to maintain a stabled internal environment despite changes in external conditions

Negative feedback

a variation outside of the desired range triggers a response to correct the situation

positve feedback

a stimulus produces a response that increases the effect a

anatomical position

facing forward, feet straight, palms facing forward with thumbs to outside

Supine

person laying on back, face up

prone

person lying face down

anterior

towards the front

posterior

toward the back

ventral

front

dorsal

back

cranial

head

cephalic

headc

uadal

toward the tail

superior

above

inferior

below

medial

toward the middle

lateral

to your side

proximal

toward the trunk

distal

away from the trunk

superficial

close to the body

deep

moving away from the surface

Frontal plane

slices front to back, anterior to posterior

transverse

top bottom

dorsal

body cavity, cranial and spinal cord

ventral

THORACIC and ABDOMINAL PELVIC

Thoracic

heart and lungs

mediastinum

between the 2 pleural cavities

Abdominal pelvic cavity

below the diaphragm, separates the thoracic from the abdominal pelvic

Levels of organization

chemical

cellular

tissue

organ

organ system

organism

Right upper quadrant

Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, stomach, large intestinelef

left upper quadrant

left lobe of liver, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, stomach

right lower quadrant

cecum, appendix, portions of small intestine, reproductive organs

Left lower quadrant

Most of small intestine, portions of large intestine, left ureter, reproductive organs

Plantar

sole of foot

calcaneal

heel of foot

popliteal

back of knee

gluteal

buttock

lumbar

loin

olecranal

back of elbow

ccervical

neck

dorsal

back

acrominal

shoulder

cephalic

head

hallux

great toe

tarsal

ankle

crural

leg

patellar

kneecap

femoral

thigh

pedal

foot

pollex

thumb

carpal

wristq

carpal

wrist

antebrachial

forearm

manual

hand

mental

china

axillary

armpit

thoracic

thorax, chest

buccal

cheek

otic

ear