Test Chapter 5 & 6 (The Cardiovascular System & The Lymphatic and Immune System)

What is Arterioles

Are the smaller, thinner branches of arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries

What is Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Is a type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow

What is Leukocytes

Also known as white blood cells (WBCs), are the blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances

What is Plasma

Is a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products

What is Leukemia

is a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes (white blood cells) found in blood-forming tissues, other organs and in the circulating blood

What is Monocytes

Are formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and the spleen

What is Thrombocytes

Which are also known as platelets, are smallest formed elements of the blood

What is Thrombocytopenia

Is a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood

What is Aorta

Is the largest blood vessel in the body

What is Venules

Are the smallest veins that join to form the larger veins

What is Erythrocytes

Also known as red blood cells (RBCs), are mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow

What is Veins

Form a low-pressue collecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart

What is Polycythemia

Is an abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow

What is Venae Cavae

Are the two largest veins in the body. These are the veins that return blood into the heart

What is Carotid Arteries

Is/are the major arteries that carry blood upward to the head

What is Arteries

Are large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body

What is Blood dyscrasia

Is any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

What is Pulse

Is the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart

What is Hemochromatosis

Also known as iron overload disease, is a genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron

What is Cholesterol

Is a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

What is Aplastic Anemia

Is characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

What is Capillaries

Which are only one epithelial cell in thickness, are the smallest blood vessels in the body

What is Anemia

Is a lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the blood causing fatigue and shortness of breath

What is Leukopenia

Is a decrease in the number of diseases-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood

What is Sickle Cell Anemia

Is a serious genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape

What is Systemic Reaction

Is a severe response to an allergen

What is Carcinoma

Is a malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

What is Sarcoma

Is a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue, including hard, soft, and liquid connective tissue

What is Infectious mononucleosis

Is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. This condition is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes. Swelling of the spleen or liver involvement can also develop.

What is Parasite

Is a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism

What is Cytomegalovirus

Is found in most body fluids. It is most often present as a silent infection in which the individual has no signs or symptoms of the infection, although it can potentially cause a serious illness when the individual has a weakened immune system, or when it is transmitted from the mother to her unborn child.

What is Benign

Means not life-threatening, although this type of tumor can cause damage as it grows and places pressure on adjacent structures

What is Antigen-Antibody Reaction

Also known as the immune reaction, involves binding antigens to antibodies

What is Anaphylaxis

Is a severe, systemic response to an allergen

What is Toxoplasmosis

Is a parasite that is most commonly transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminated animal feces

What is Lymphedema

Is swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissue

What is Rickettsia

Is a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites

What is Complement System

Is a group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form

What is Monocytes

Is/are a type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells

What is Bacteria

Is/are one-called microscopic organisms

What is Streptococci

Is/are bacteria that form a chain

What is Rubella

Also known as German measles or three-day measles, is a viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash

What is Lymphoscintigraphy

Is a diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels

What is Lymphoma

Is a general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues

What is Immunotherapy

Also called biological therapy, is a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response

What is Autoimmune Disorder

Is/are any large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues, mistaking healthy cells, tissues, or organs for antigens

What is Interleukins

Play multiple roles in the immune system, including directing B and T cells to divide and proliferate

What is Metatasize

Means to spread from one place to another

What is Carcinoma in Situ

Is a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues