TEX GOV 1-3

What industry controlled the politics and economy of Texas during most of the twentieth century?

Oil

What does urbanization mean?

Movement from rural areas to urban and suburban areas

Who was the first African American woman to be elected to the House of Representatives from Texas?

Barbara Jordan

Who was the first Hispanic representative from Texas and made history getting elected to the Texas Senate?

Henry B. Gonzalez

Which statement about the Hispanic population of Texas is correct?

All of the above

The largest Texas cities (Austin, Dallas, Houston) are all located in which region?

Coastal Plains

Which Texas region has an agricultural economy and rural population and some of the largest ranches in the state?

Interior Lowlands

Put these activities in order from earliest importance to most recently important to the Texas economy.

Cotton, cattle, oil, technology

The large growth in Austin’s population in the second half of the twentieth century was driven by what?

Tech corporations moving into the area

Texas would be considered a mix of which two political cultures?

Individualistic and Traditionalistic

What does the term provincialism mean?

A narrow view of the world

Which statement about Texas is correct?

Based on the trendline, the Hispanic population will equal or surpass the Anglo population in the near future

Which statement about the Texas economy is incorrect?

Texas was hurt by free trade agreements like NAFTA

The economy of Texas changed forever with the discovery of oil where?

Spindletop

The expansion of the railroad allowed which industry to dominate the Texas economy?

Cattle

Ranching, petroleum, and cotton production dominate which region of Texas?

Great Plains

Which Texas region is heavily Hispanic, has strong ties with Mexico, and has El Paso as its only large population center?

Mountains and Basin

Which statement about the Hispanic population of Texas is correct?

All of the above

The picture showing federal, state, and local governments working separately best represents what era of federalism?

Dual Federalism

What was the system called when poor farmers rented land to grow cotton and paid with a portion of their crop?

Sharecropping

What type of legislature does the U.S. Congress have?|A bicameral legislature

Which constitution takes precedence when the Texas Constitution conflicts with the U.S. Constitution?|The U.S. Constitution takes precedence over the Texas Constitution.

Why has the amount of power the national government has exercised grown over the last 200 years?|As a result of the “necessary and proper clause.”

What is federalism?|Power is divided between a central government and regional governments that both have direct authority over people living within their borders.

What is the purpose of a constitution?|Define the legal structure of government and explain the source of its power.

What event prompted constitutional revision in Texas?|There was a major stock fraud scandal that prompted constitutional revision.

What major voting right was established for Black men?|Black men were given the right to vote.

What year was the current Texas Constitution adopted?|1876

How was executive authority organized in early Texas?|Executive authority was shared among multiple officeholders.

What change gave the Texas governor more power over the plural executive?|The governor was given the power to appoint members of the plural executive.

When did Texas become an independent republic and when did it become a state?|1836; 1845

What type of legislature did Texas originally have?|A unicameral legislature

What was one failure of the Mexican government that contributed to Texas independence?|The government of Mexico failed to provide a system of public education.

How does checks and balances help prevent tyranny?|Each branch of government has a little bit of control over the other branches through checks and balances.

How can the Texas Constitution be amended?|A two-thirds vote in both houses of the state legislature and a majority vote from the voters of Texas

How many articles are in the Texas Constitution?|7

How does the Texas Bill of Rights compare to the U.S. Bill of Rights?|There are many protected rights in the Texas Bill of Rights that are not mentioned in the U.S. Bill of Rights.

What is a distinctive feature of Texas government?|The direct election of judges and other public officials

Why was a new Texas Constitution needed in 1861?|After Texas joined the Confederacy in February 1861, a new constitution was needed since Texas was no longer part of the United States.

What principle is emphasized by the Texas Constitution?|The necessity of strong limitations on the power of state government