topic 3: redox I

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9 Terms

1
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what is an oxidation number

the number of electrons which must be added or removed to become neutral

2
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what is the priority of oxidation number rules

  1. F always -1

  2. H = +1

  3. O = -2

3
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oxidation

loss of electrons

4
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reduction

gains of electrons

5
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disproportionation reaction

when a single element is both oxidised and reduced simultaneously

6
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what is the order of steps in balancing half equations in acidic solution

  1. balance atoms (not H or O)

  2. balance O by adding H2O

  3. balance H by adding H+

  4. balance charge by adding electrons

7
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what is the order of half equations in alkaline solutions

  1. balance like you would in acidic

  2. add OH- to both sides to make all the H+ water

8
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reaction: chlorine + cold dilute NaOH

Cl2 + 2NaOH —> NaOCl + H2O + NaCl

9
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reaction: chlorine + hot conc. NaOH

3Cl2 + 6NaOH —> NaOCl3 + 3H2O + 5NaCl