American History Chapter 28

Social Gospel

Progressivism based on Christian teachings

Muckrakers

Reporters that “dug deep for the dirt that the public loved to hate”

Initiative

Voters proposing legislation themselves

Referendum

Laws placed on ballots for final approval by voters

Recall

Allowing voters to remove elected officials

Australian Ballot

Secret votes made on uniform ballots

Muller v. Oregon

Louis D. Brandeis persuaded the Supreme Court that women required special labor protections

Lochner v. New York

Invalidated a New York law establishing a 10=hour workday for bakers

Elkins Act

Fined railroad companies and shippers that gave rebates

Meat Inspection Act

Decreed that meat shipped over state lines could be could be subject to federal inspection

Pure Food and Drug Act

Outlaws the mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals

Hetch Hetchy Valley

Valley in Yosemite National Park allowed to be dammed for San Francisco; loss for conservationists

Dollar Diplomacy

American government and private investment in foreign areas of strategic concern for the US

Payne-Aldrich Bill

A bill raising tariffs, signed by Taft

New Freedom

Woodrow Wilson’s progressive 1912 platform

New Nationalism

Teddy Roosevelt’s Bull Moose Progressive Ideology

Ida Tarbell

A pioneering journalist who published a devastating expose of the Standard Oil Company

Henry Demarest Lloyd

Wrote Wealth Against Commonwealth

Thorstein Veblen

Wrote The Theory of the Leisure Class

Jacob A. Riis

Danish immigrant journalist, compiled How the Other Half Lives

Robert M. “Fighting Bob” La Follette

Progressive governor of Wisconsin

Hiram W. Johnson

Progressive governor of California

Florence Kelley

A former resident of Jane Addams’ Hull House; Became Illinois’ first chief factory inspector

Frances E. Willard

Founder of the Women’s Christian Temperance Movement (WCTU)

Gifford Pinchot

Teddy Roosevelt’s head of the federal Division of Forestry, Founder of the Forest Service

John Muir

Leading preservationist, naturalist and member of the Sierra Club

Herbert Croly

Wrote The Promise of American Life