Anatomy Study Guide

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50 Terms

1
Where does the spinal cord end?
The spinal cord ends at the medullary cone (Conus Medullaris).
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2
True or False: The elbow is a ball-and-socket joint.

False: The elbow is a hinge joint.

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3
Almost all sensory signals pass through which structure on the way to the cerebrum?
Thalamus
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4
True or False: The biceps brachii flexes the elbow and shoulder and pronates the forearm.

False: The biceps brachii supinates the forearm, not pronates.

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5
Which connective tissue sheath surrounds an individual muscle fascicle?
Perimysium
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6
Which muscle helps to form a smile?
Zygomaticus major
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7
Which muscle is in the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Semimembranosus
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8
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
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9
True or False: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease.

True

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10
Which muscle is most involved in shoulder adduction?
Latissimus dorsi
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11
Which glial cell myelinates axons in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes
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12
The fibular and tibial collateral ligaments restrict side-to-side movement of which joint?
The knee
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13
The right and left cerebral hemispheres are joined mainly by which structure?
Corpus callosum
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14
Which type of muscle tissue do you have voluntary control over?
Skeletal muscle
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15
Which abdominal muscle has inferomedial pointing fibers?
External oblique
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16
Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff?
Subclavius
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17
Which muscle is most important for kissing?
Orbicularis oris
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18
Which cranial nerve is mispaired?
XI - Accessory
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19
Which muscle does NOT extend the knee?
Biceps femoris
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20
What shape would you classify a muscle that is tapered at the ends and thick in the middle?
Fusiform
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21
From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in what order?
Dura mater โ†’ Arachnoid mater โ†’ Pia mater
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22
Which muscle produces chewing movements?
Temporalis
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23
What would be the effect of damage to Cranial Nerve VII?
Sagging facial muscles
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24
Which muscles dorsiflex the foot?
Tibialis anterior
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25
Which structure is NOT a lobe of the cerebrum?
Cerebellum
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26
True or False: Direct muscle attachments refer to tendons attaching muscle to bone.
False โ€“ Direct attachments occur when muscle fibers connect directly to the bone.
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27
What is the action of the supinator?
Turns the palm upward (supination).
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28
Which connective tissue forms a sheath around individual axons in a nerve?
Endoneurium.
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29
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease attacking the __________ in the joint.
synovial membrane.
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30
What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?
It contracts and becomes flatter.
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31
Which of the following is considered to be a myofibril contractile protein?
Myosin.
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32
Which part of the brain is most involved with emotion?
The limbic system.
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33
Which muscle extends and abducts the thigh?
Gluteus maximus.
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34
Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite are structurally classified as what?

Bipolar

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35
All muscle types will respond to an electrical stimulus because all muscle cells are __________.
Excitable.
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36
What effect does a spinal cord injury below T1 likely result in?
Paraplegia.
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37
Which cranial nerve is both motor and sensory?
Vagus (X).
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38
While standing, if you bend at the waist to touch your toes, which muscle helps straighten your spine?
Erector spinae.
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39
What property of neurons allows for the release of neurotransmitters?
Secretion.
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40
As it relates to muscles, what is a synergist?
A muscle that stabilizes a joint during movement.
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41
What structure does cerebrospinal fluid flow through as it passes from the third to the fourth ventricle?
Cerebral aqueduct.
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42
In skeletal muscle, the term that describes alternating light and dark bands is __________.
Striations.
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43
What action occurs at the shoulders when a person shrugs?
Elevation.
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44
True or False: When you dorsiflex, your foot points down at the ankle.
False.
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45
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31.
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46
Which of the following marks the boundaries of a sarcomere?
Z discs.
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47
Which of the following is not part of the brainstem?
Thalamus.
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48
The posterior cruciate ligament is part of which joint?
Tibiofemoral joint (knee).
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49
True or False: Anterior compartment muscles of the forearm flex the fingers.
True.
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50
What type of tract in the spinal cord carries information from the brain?
Descending.
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