Anatomy Study Guide

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50 Terms

1
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Where does the spinal cord end?
The spinal cord ends at the medullary cone (Conus Medullaris).
2
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True or False: The elbow is a ball-and-socket joint.

False: The elbow is a hinge joint.

3
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Almost all sensory signals pass through which structure on the way to the cerebrum?
Thalamus
4
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True or False: The biceps brachii flexes the elbow and shoulder and pronates the forearm.

False: The biceps brachii supinates the forearm, not pronates.

5
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Which connective tissue sheath surrounds an individual muscle fascicle?
Perimysium
6
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Which muscle helps to form a smile?
Zygomaticus major
7
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Which muscle is in the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Semimembranosus
8
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What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
9
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True or False: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease.

True

10
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Which muscle is most involved in shoulder adduction?
Latissimus dorsi
11
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Which glial cell myelinates axons in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes
12
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The fibular and tibial collateral ligaments restrict side-to-side movement of which joint?
The knee
13
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The right and left cerebral hemispheres are joined mainly by which structure?
Corpus callosum
14
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Which type of muscle tissue do you have voluntary control over?
Skeletal muscle
15
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Which abdominal muscle has inferomedial pointing fibers?
External oblique
16
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Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff?
Subclavius
17
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Which muscle is most important for kissing?
Orbicularis oris
18
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Which cranial nerve is mispaired?
XI - Accessory
19
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Which muscle does NOT extend the knee?
Biceps femoris
20
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What shape would you classify a muscle that is tapered at the ends and thick in the middle?
Fusiform
21
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From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in what order?
Dura mater → Arachnoid mater → Pia mater
22
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Which muscle produces chewing movements?
Temporalis
23
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What would be the effect of damage to Cranial Nerve VII?
Sagging facial muscles
24
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Which muscles dorsiflex the foot?
Tibialis anterior
25
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Which structure is NOT a lobe of the cerebrum?
Cerebellum
26
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True or False: Direct muscle attachments refer to tendons attaching muscle to bone.
False – Direct attachments occur when muscle fibers connect directly to the bone.
27
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What is the action of the supinator?
Turns the palm upward (supination).
28
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Which connective tissue forms a sheath around individual axons in a nerve?
Endoneurium.
29
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease attacking the __________ in the joint.
synovial membrane.
30
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What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?
It contracts and becomes flatter.
31
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Which of the following is considered to be a myofibril contractile protein?
Myosin.
32
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Which part of the brain is most involved with emotion?
The limbic system.
33
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Which muscle extends and abducts the thigh?
Gluteus maximus.
34
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Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite are structurally classified as what?

Bipolar

35
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All muscle types will respond to an electrical stimulus because all muscle cells are __________.
Excitable.
36
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What effect does a spinal cord injury below T1 likely result in?
Paraplegia.
37
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Which cranial nerve is both motor and sensory?
Vagus (X).
38
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While standing, if you bend at the waist to touch your toes, which muscle helps straighten your spine?
Erector spinae.
39
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What property of neurons allows for the release of neurotransmitters?
Secretion.
40
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As it relates to muscles, what is a synergist?
A muscle that stabilizes a joint during movement.
41
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What structure does cerebrospinal fluid flow through as it passes from the third to the fourth ventricle?
Cerebral aqueduct.
42
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In skeletal muscle, the term that describes alternating light and dark bands is __________.
Striations.
43
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What action occurs at the shoulders when a person shrugs?
Elevation.
44
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True or False: When you dorsiflex, your foot points down at the ankle.
False.
45
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How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31.
46
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Which of the following marks the boundaries of a sarcomere?
Z discs.
47
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Which of the following is not part of the brainstem?
Thalamus.
48
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The posterior cruciate ligament is part of which joint?
Tibiofemoral joint (knee).
49
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True or False: Anterior compartment muscles of the forearm flex the fingers.
True.
50
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What type of tract in the spinal cord carries information from the brain?
Descending.