The Heart
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158 Terms
1
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How many chambers does the heart have?
Four
2
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Where is the heart situated?
Middle Mediastinum
3
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What angle does the heart sit at?
45
4
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Two Collecting Chambers
Atria
5
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Two Pumping Chambers
Ventricles
6
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Sac surrounding heart and roots of great vessels
Pericardium
7
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Tough external layer of pericardium
Fibrous Pericardium
8
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What 3 things make up the Serous Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium, Pericardial Cavity, Epicardium
9
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Lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
10
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Contains lubricating serous fluid
Pericardial Cavity
11
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Outer layer of heart
Epicardium
12
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What are the three layers of the heart
Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
13
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Thin, smooth, outer layer
Epicardium
14
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Thick muscular layer
Myocardium
15
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Thin endothelial lining
Endocardium
16
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Aortic Valve
17
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Ascending Aorta
18
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Chordae Tendineae
19
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Inferior Vena Cava
20
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Left Atrium
21
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Left Pulmonary Artery
22
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Left Pulmonary Veins
23
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Left Ventricle
24
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Main Pulmonary Artery
25
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Mitral Valve
26
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Papillary Muscle
27
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Pulmonary Valve
28
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Right Atrium
29
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Right Pulmonary Arteries
30
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Right Pulmonary Veins
31
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Right Ventricle
32
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Superior Vena Cava
33
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\
Tricuspid Valve
34
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(BF) Inferior Vena Cava & Superior Vena Cava into -
Right Atrium
35
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(BF) Right Atrium through Tricuspid Valve into -
Right Ventricle
36
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(BF) Right Ventricle through Pulmonary Valve to -
Lungs
37
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(BF) From Lungs through Pulmonary veins into -
Left Atrium
38
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(BF) Left Atrium through Mitral Valve into -
Left Ventricle
39
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(BF) Left Ventricle through Aortic Valve into -
Aorta
40
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Receives deoxygenated blood from the entire body via the IVC and SVC
Right Atrium
41
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Valve comprised of three leaflets allows blood to flow only from the right atrium to the right ventricle
Tricuspid Valve
42
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Strong fibrous connections between the valve leaflets and the papillary muscles - prevent leaflets from moving backwards into atrium
Chordae Tendineae
43
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Small muscles arising from walls of left and right ventricles - contract simultaneously with ventricles and prevent prolapse of valves into atria
Papillary Muscles
44
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Pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs
Right Ventricle
45
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Valve comprised of 3 cusps and separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary Valve
46
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Transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
Main Pulmonary Artery
47
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Carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Pulmonary Veins
48
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Receives oxygen rich blood from the pulmonary veins
Left Atrium
49
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Comprised of two leaflets - allows bloodflow from left atrium to left ventricle
Mitral Valve
50
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Pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta
Left Ventricle
51
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Comprised of three leaflets - allows blood flow from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta
Aortic Valve
52
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Supply blood to the cardiac muscle
Coronary Arteries
53
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What is the origin of the coronary arteries
Aortic Root
54
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What does the left coronary artery bifurcate into
Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)
Left Circumplex Artery (Cx)
Left Circumplex Artery (Cx)
55
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What are the 4 views of cardiac ultrasound
Parasternal Long Axis (PLAX)
Parasternal Short Axis (PSAX)
Apical 4 Chamber
Subxiphoid 4 chamber
Parasternal Short Axis (PSAX)
Apical 4 Chamber
Subxiphoid 4 chamber
56
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Where does the indicator point in PLAX view
Towards patients right shoulder at 10
57
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Where is the apex of the heart in a PLAX view
To the Left
58
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Name that Image View
PLAX
59
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What does PLAX stand for?
Parasternal Long Axis
60
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What does PSAX stand for?
Parasternal Short Axis
61
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Where is the indicator on a PSAX view
Towards Patient’s Left Shoulder at 2
62
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Where is transducer for PSAX
To left of sternum in 3rd or 4th space
63
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PSAX: Images taken at level of Aortic Valve →
Mercedes Benz
64
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PSAX: Images taken at level of Mitral Valve →
Fish Mouth
65
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Where is the transducer for an Apical Four Chamber view
In 4th or 5th rib space
66
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Where is the indicator for an Apical Four Chamber view
Towards Left shoulder to 2-3
67
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Where is the sound beam angled to in the Apical Four Chamber view
Towards the patient’s head
68
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Endocardium
69
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Epicardium
70
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Fibrous Layer
71
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Myocardium
72
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Parietal Pericardium
73
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Pericardial Cavity
74
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Serous Pericardium
75
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Visceral Pericardium
76
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Aorta
77
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Aortic Valve
78
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Left Atrium
79
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Left Ventricle
80
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Mitral Valve
81
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Pulmonary Trunk
82
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Pulmonary Valve
83
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Right Atrium
84
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Right Ventricle
85
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Tricuspid Valve
86
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Aorta
87
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Aortic Valve
88
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Inferior Vena Cava
89
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Left Atrium
90
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Left Pulmonary Veins
91
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Left Ventricle
92
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Mitral Valve
93
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Pulmonary Valve
94
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Right Atrium
95
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Right Pulmonary Arteries
96
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Right Pulmonary Veins
97
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Right Ventricle
98
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Superior Vena Cava
99
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Tricuspid Valve
100
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Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet
Note 
Flashcards (50)