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What is a schema ?
Mental model or mental framework containing everything you know about a particular object, person, situation, or event.
What are schemas derived from?
Prior experience and knowledge
How do schemas play a role in memory and behaviour?
Help organize memories, help in recall, guide behaviour, and predict what will happen next
How do schemas distort memory?
Information inconsistent with our schemas may be forgotten or changed to “fit” or schemas
Limitations of schema theory
Schemas are a hypothesized construct, and too vague to be deemed useful. We aren’t sure how schemas are acquired in the first place or the exact way they influence cognitive processes. They also cannot account for why schema-inconsistent information is soemtimes recalled
What do schemas influence
Coding, storage, and retrieval
What is a script schema
About events in time rather than objects
What is a self schema?
Schemas we have about ourselves
What is a social schema?
About different groups of people in society, specifically stereotypes
What is accommodation?
Existing schema is replaced
What is assimilation ?
New info added to schema
What is leveling?
Length of memory becomes shorter, omitting information that appears unimportant
What is sharpening?
Changing the order of the memory to make sense, in terms of cultural beliefs and significance
True or False: Schemas/Reconstructive memory is an active process.
True
