LS4001 - Cells, Genes, Tissues - DNA

Which bases are purines?

Adenine and Guanine

What are purines?

Heterocyclic oragnic or inorganic molecules with 2 rings.

What are pyrimidines?

Heterocyclic oragnic or inorganic molecules with 1 ring.

Which bases are pyrimidines? [3]

cytosine, thymine, uracil

What does Uracil pair with? how many bonds

Adenine

What does adenine pair with?

Thymine

What does guanine pair with?

Cytosine

What does cytosine pair with?

Guanine

What does thymine pair with?

Adenine

Which base is not found in DNA?

Uracil

Which base is not found in rNA?

Thymine

What is the major groove?

where the backbones are far apart

What is the minor groove?

where backbones are close together

What type of bond in phosphodiester bond

convalent bond

What type of bond joins the bases in DNA?

hydrogen bonds

Is DNA a Helix or Double Helix

double helix

is dna a left or right-handed helix?

right-handed

What does DNA stand for?

deoxyribonucleic acid

How many base pairs betweens each complete turn of the DNA Helix?

10 Base Pairs

How many nanometers betweens each complete turn of the DNA Helix?

3.4nm

Why do a + t , and g + c bases bond?

Their bonds have an equal lengths

What was Griffith's experiment?

He used two strains of pseumondias: a living, virulent strain (S), and a living, non-virulent strain (R). mice injected with the S strain died, mice with the R strain were alive. He heat killed the S strain, but that released naked DNA to the live R cells, which picked up the DNA and killed the mice.

Avery, MacLeod, McCarty

Proved that DNA is the hereditary material

Avery, MacLeod, McCarty in 3 steps

Placed Heat-killed S-Strain Cell solution in 3 tubes,

one without protein
one without rna
one without dna

then added live r cells to all of them

then one without dna did not grow s cells but the others did