Exercise 8: Other Trematodes of Terrestrial Vertebrates in the Philippines

intestine

ceca

organ location of Echinostoma revolutum (2)

ducks

geese

other aquatic birds

fowls

pigeons

man

host of Echinostoma revolutum (6)

Family Echinostomatidae

Echinostoma revolutum family

head collar

Family Echinostomatidae

• members are characterized by the presence of a _____ with rows of spines

dorsally

laterally

number 37

two alternating rows

Echinostoma revolutum

• head collar - surrounding the oral sucker _____ and _____ and bearing spines, which _____ and are arranged in _____

spiny

anterior region

strong

not far behind

small

Echinostoma revolutum

• cuticle - _____ in the _____

• _____ ventral sucker - situated _____ the _____ oral sucker

elongated

slightly lobed

tandem

lateral fields

entire length of the body

Echinostoma revolutum

• testes - are _____ and _____ and lie in _____ behind the ovary

• vitellaria - in the _____ occupy almost the _____

Lymnaea

Planorbis

Echinostoma revolutum

• uses various freshwater snails such as _____ and _____ as 1st and 2nd IH

Planorbis planorbis

sinistral whorls

_____ like Gyraulus convexiusculus, it has ______ but shell is wider up to 2 cm

mussels

frogs

freshwater turtles

other 2nd IH of Echinostoma revolutum (3)

small intestine

man

pigs

rodents

Eupharyphium (=Echinostoma) ilocanum

• organ location (1)

• hosts (3)

reniform

49-53

51

Eupharyphium (=Echinostoma) ilocanum

• head collar is _____ with _____ (most commonly _____) spines in two row

Gyraulus convexiusculus

Indoplanorbis exustus

1st IH of Eupharyphium (=Echinostoma) ilocanum (2)

sinistral whorls

25 mm

13 mm

Biomphalaria

Indoplanorbis exustus

• planorbid with _____, up to _____ wide and _____ tall but based on shell morphology, it is difficult to differentiate from _____

Pila luzonica

Pomacea canaliculata

Bulastra cumingiana

2nd IH of Eupharyphium (=Echinostoma) ilocanum that are important particularly in human infections (3)

kuhol

tagalog of Pila luzonica

golden or channeled apple snail

common name for Pomacea canaliculata

Family Ampullariidae

Pila luzonica and Pomacea canaliculata family

large operculated

globose shell

dextral large whorls

Family Ampullariidae

• _____ freshwater gastropods with a _____ and _____

Bulastra cumingiana

depressed spire

large foot

mantle

_____

• lymnaeid that is endemic in the Philippines

• unusual lymnaeid by its _____ and _____ and ______

small intestine

pigs

rats

monkeys

man

Artyfechinostomum malayanum (Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex)

• organ location (1)

• hosts (4)

43

5

Artyfechinostomum malayanum (Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex)

• spines - _____ including _____ corner spines

eye flukes

common name for Philophthalmus spp.

Family Philophthalmidae

Philophthalmus spp. family

conjunctival sacs

birds

mammals

man

Philophthalmus spp.

• organ location (1)

• hosts (1)

• rarely _____ including _____

Philophthalmus rizalensis

Philophthalmus problematicus

Philophthalmus spp.

• species that occur in the Philippines (2)

ducks

host of Philophthalmus rizalensis

chickens

host of Philophthalmus problematicus

Bursa of Fabricius

oviduct

birds

Prosthogonimus spp.

• organ location (2)

• host (1)

Family Prosthogonimidae

Prosthogonimus spp. family

Prosthogonimus cuneatus

Prosthogonimus pseudopellucidus

Prosthogonimus spp. occurring in the Philippines (2)

domestic chickens

host of Prosthogonimus cuneatus and Prosthogonimus pseudopellucidus

genital pore

Prosthogonimus spp.

• _____ - located anteriorly beside the oral sucker

body and nasal cavities

air sacs

wild aquatic birds

Cyclocoelum spp.

• organ location (2)

• host (1)

Family Cyclocoelidae

Cyclocoelum spp. family

present but weakly developed

absent

well-developed

simple

intestinal loop

ring

Cyclocoelum spp.

• oral sucker - may be _____

• ventral sucker - _____

• pharynx - _____

• intestinal ceca - _____ and unite posteriorly, forming an _____ or _____

entire

oblique

triangle

numerous transverse coils

central field

behind the mouth

Cyclocoelum spp.

• testes - _____ and _____, forming a _____ with the ovary

• uterus - consists of _____ filling the _____

• genital pore - opens _____

kidneys

ureters

collecting tubules

birds

Tanaisia spp.

• organ location (3)

• host (1)

Family Eucotylidae

Tanaisia spp. family

unite

posterior end

absent

Tanaisia spp.

• ceca - _____ at some distance from the _____

• ventral sucker - _____

intestine

ceca

aquatic birds

Notocotylus spp.

• organ location (2)

• host (1)

Family Notocotylidae

Notocotylus spp. family

absent

ventral eversible papillae

ventral glands

Notocotylus spp.

• ventral sucker - _____

• _____ - 3 longitudinal rows (originally called ______)

deeply lobed

horizontal

posterior end of the body

deeply lobed

intertesticular

Notocotylus spp.

• testes - _____, _____ and situated near the _____

• ovary - _____, is _____ in position

regular transverse coils

near the oral sucker

lateral fields anterior

Notocotylus spp.

• uterus - consists of almost _____

• genital pore - opens _____

• vitellaria - occupy the _____ to the testes

Notocotylus intestinalis

Notocotylus naviformis

Notocotylus species occurring in the Philippines (2)

intestine

chickens

ducks

Notocotylus intestinalis

• organ location (1)

• hosts (2)

intestine

ducks

Notocotylus naviformis

• organ location (1)

• host (1)

small intestine

dogs

cats

pigs

humans

Heterophyes heterophyes

• organ location (1)

• hosts (4)

Family Heterophyidae

Heterophyes heterophyes family

small

1.7 mm

slightly pyriform

teardrop-shaped

Family Heterophyidae

• members are _____ up to _____ long

• shape - _____ or _____

behind

beside

incomplete circle

Heterophyes heterophyes

• gonotyl - _____ and _____ the ventral sucker

• _____ of small rods

digestive tract

respiratory and urogenital system

various vertebrates

Styphlodora spp.

• organ location (1)

• exceptional cases (1)

• host (1)

Family Plagiorchiidae

Styphlodora spp. family

kidney

Python reticulatus

Styphlodora renalis

• trematode from the _____ of _____

slightly attenuated

Styphlodora renalis

• it is _____ anteriorly