philosophical inquiry final

the Hindu term for your enduring self is

Atman

the Hindu term "Brahman" refers to

ultimate reality

according to Locke, what is the self?

unity of consciousness

for Locke, what is the illustration of the prince and the cobbler intended to show?

the person and the man are not necessarily the same

what is the Buddhist term for the denial of enduring self/soul?

Anatman

what analogy does Nagasena use to support his idea of no self?

a chariot

for Hume, the illusion of self identity comes from

a bundle of impressions

what analogy does David Hume use to illustrate the mind?

a theater

for Locke, do changes in substance (immaterial/material) affect personal identity?

no

according to Buddhism, what leads you to mistakenly think you have a self?

the five skandhas

T/F: in Hinduism, Maya is the illusion of separation

true

T/F: in Hinduism, Atman IS Brahman

true

T/F: David Hume thinks that Rebirth is possible

false

T/F: for Hume, part of our condition is mistaking "gradual change" for "identity"

true

T/F: despite having no self, Buddhists think Rebirth is possible

true

for Plato/Socrates, the body is considered to be

the prison of the soul

for Plato/Socrates, what is not a property of the soul?

composite (it IS immaterial, intangible, eternal)

for Plato/Socrates, the soul is similar to

higher and absolute realities (beauty itself, truth itself, equality itself)

according to Descartes, what is one of the properties of body?

movement

for Descartes, thinking is a property of

the soul only

where does Descartes think the interaction between soul and body takes place?

the pineal gland

what is the soul for Foucault?

the prison of the body

for Foucault, who you truly are is

your biological body

what is the Microphysics of Power, according to Foucault?

a field of constantly conflicting power dynamics and relations

for Descartes, what is one way to distinguish between beings with soul from beings without soul?

capacity for complex speech

T/F: Plato/Socrates' ideas that the soul must have existed before the body because we have knowledge of higher realities (beauty itself, truth itself, etc.) that we have never directly perceived through our bodily sensation is called "recollection"

true

T/F: for Plato/Socrates, the philosopher does not fear death because their soul will finally obtain higher realities that it has been searching for.

true

T/F: for Descartes, animals have soul

false

T/F: for Foucault, power IS knowledge

true

T/F: Socrates thinks that souls can (and often do) reincarnate

true

in Nietzsche's story "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", Zarathustra tries to teach the people

the superman (overman)

in "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", what are the three metamorphoses intended to represent?

the journey to becoming the superman (overman)

in "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", the lion willingly stays in the desert to fight

the dragon of "thou shalt"

according to Skinner, humanity is

completely determined by their environment

which of these would NOT be a determiner of human behavior on Skinner's account

the human soul

Skinner is best classified as

a behaviorist

Sartre is best classified as

an existentialist

for Sartre, existentialism is the conviction that

existence precedes essence

for Sartre, humanity is

radically free

according to Sartre, our attempts to put the weight of our responsibility on someone/something else is called

acting in bad faith

T/F: according to Nietzsche, the "last man" is the most contemptible thing because he is content to be with the herd and not chase his aspirations

true

T/F: Nietzsche says that you are just your body and what we consider to be soul is just one part of your body

true

T/F: Skinner thinks positive reinforcement is preferable because it gives people a FEELING of freedom

true

T/F: in Skinner's story "Walden Two", Frazier agrees with Castle that if they were in possession of a complete science of human behavior they should destroy it

false

T/F: Sartre thinks that our feelings of Anguish, Forlornness, and Despair are positive because they mean that we do in fact make free choices

true

according to the Boshongo creation story, creation begins when

Bumba vomited up the sun

according to the Boshongo story, what happens when Bumba's son vomits up the white ants?

the son dies from the effort

in the Hindu creation story, the process of creation begins with

the Self

in the Hindu creation story, we are all here to

discover that we are all Brahman (in a cosmic game of hide and seek)

according to the first Genesis creation story, both man and woman are made

in the image of God

according to the second Genesis creation story, what tricks Eve into eating the fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil?

a serpent

for the Cherokee nation, what created the Earth?

animals

why were the animals angry with the humans, according to the Cherokee?

the humans were overpopulated and started killing the animals

for Stephen Hawking, the universe

has always existed in some form

how did the Earth develop an atmosphere that we could live in, according to Hawking?

primitive organisms consumed toxic hydrogen sulfide and released oxygen into the atmosphere

T/F: in the Boshongo story, humans and animals also vomited up new creations

true

T/F: in the Hindu creation story, everything is made in 7 days

false

T/F: according to the Cherokee creation myth, plants serve as medicine for disease

true

T/F: in the book of Genesis, when confronted by God, Adam and Eve own up to their actions

false

T/F: according to Hawking, quantum particles are fundamental to the existence of the universe

true

in Plato's allegory of the cave, the world of the cave represents

the sensible world

in Plato's allegory of the cave, the world outside the cave represents

formal reality (the world of forms)

according to Laotzu, the Tao is like

a mother

according to Laotzu, the Tao is

the source of all things

for Wang Chung, all things are a result of

spontaneous mixture of heavenly and earthly fluid

for Wang Chung, things in nature

happen "self-so” (spontaneously)

according to Lucretius, everything is composed of

seed and void

for Lucretius, things like time, liberty, and slavery

are accidental properties of seed and void

Leibniz proposes that our universe is actually composed of

Monads (spiritual atoms)

for Leibniz, the material world

is merely a result of the monads's perception

T/F: for Plato, the sun outside the cave represents "the form of the Good"

true

T/F: according to Laotzu, "the Tao that can be spoken is not the eternal Tao"

true

T/F: like Lucretius, Wang Chung is also a materialist

true

T/F: Lucretius thinks that seeds are a result of divine power

false

T/F: Leibniz thinks that we live in the best of all possible worlds

true

why does Descartes utilize the dream through experiment?

to illustrate that our senses often mislead us

amidst the possibility of an evil God's deception, Descartes concludes

He (Descartes) must necessarily exist, as a thinking thing (Cogito Ergo Sum)

John Locke is best classified as

an empiricist

for Locke, primary qualities

actually exist in the objects themselves (size, shape, number)

William James is best classified as

a pragmatist

according to James, a true idea

is an idea that works and is useful in experience

which of these is NOT a mode of being for Jaspers?

Übermensch (Existence, Existenz, and Consciousness in general ARE)

for Karl Jaspers, the mode of Existenz is the truth of

"Authentic Selfhood"

Descartes is best classified as

a rationalist

Locke describes our perception of external objects as

sensation

T/F: William James rejects the idea of truth being absolute (never changing)

true

T/F: Karl Jaspers thinks that the truths at each mode of being are harmonious with each other

false

T/F: Descartes's illustrations of the wax show that true knowledge of the wax comes from the understanding (rational intuition) and NOT from the senses

true

T/F: John Locke thinks the mind is NOT a "tabula rasa" (blank slate)

false

T/F: Jaspers thinks that each mode of being "speaks" (communicates) in a certain way

true

for the Buddha, "dogmatic assertions"

lead to division, which then leads to suffering

in the parable of the arrow, the man dies because

he refused to remove the poisoned arrow before his questions are answered

according to Chuang-Tzu, Dao (Tao) is like

a great wind

Chuang-Tzu has a dream

that he is a butterfly

although a modern skeptic, David Hume is considered to be

an empiricist

what are "relations of ideas", according to Hume?

claims that are demonstratively certain (arithmetic, geometry, logic, etc.)

for Hume, "matters of fact" claims are founded on

cause and effect

according to Anderson, knowers are

particularly situated in relation to objects and to other knowers

what is "gender", according to Anderson?

what societies make of sexual differences, real or imagined

according to Anderson, a "gynocentric" worldview depicts the world

in relation to female or feminine interests, emotions, attitudes or values