hypovolemia, untreated hypovolemia, hypovolemic shock, hypervomlemia

o what is hypovolemia?

 occurs when there is a decrease in blood volume within the body due to loss of body fluids or blood

o causes of hypovolemia

 Excessive sweating, large burns, diuretics, inadequate fluid intake, and increased urination

o first signs of hypovolemia

 causes the nose, mouth, and other mucous membranes to dry out; the skin to lose elasticity; and urine output to decrease

o next signs of hypovolemia

 increasing the heart rate and strength of contractions

o how are blood vessels affected by hypovolemia?

 constricted in the extremities to preserve blood flow for the heart, brain, and kidneys

o what are symptoms of untreated hypovolemia?

 blue discoloration of lips and nail beds, change in alertness or level of consciousness, chest pain, tightness, or pressure; palpitations, no urine production, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased blood pressure, weak pulse

o what is hypovolemic shock?

 when the body has lost 20 percent or one-fifth of its blood or fluid supply

o what is treatment of hypovolemic shock?

 controlling fluid or blood loss, replacing those components, and restoring overall circulation in the body

o what is hypervolemia?

 fluid overload, is a condition where the body has too much water

o why is it hypervolemia caused?

 problems with the kidneys as they are responsible for balancing the salt and fluid in the body

o what are treatments of hypervolemia?

 diuretics, fluid restrictions, dialysis

o what is the goal of treatment for hypervolemia?

 rid the body of excess fluid

o what are signs of hypervolemia?

 edema, JVD, crackles, weight pain, hypertension, pink frothy sputum

o what are labs for hypervolemia?

 Sodium varies

o what are causes of hypoglycemia?

 heart failure, kidney failure, cirrhosis