LECTURE 4 EMOTIONAL SELF

Positive Emotions

A classification of pleasant emotions including happiness, excitement, joy, relief, triumph, and jubilation, often expressed through smiling or laughing with a sense of "elation."

Negative Emotions

A classification of emotions such as sadness, disgust, annoyance, anxiety, anger, jealousy, and fear, displayed through facial expressions, tears, discomfort, pain, and psychosomatic illness.

Plutchik’s Configuration of Emotion

A model illustrating the relationship between emotions, with 8 fundamental emotions including Joy, Trust, Fear, Surprise, Sadness, Disgust, Anger, and Anticipation.

Stress

A state of extreme difficulty, pressure, or strain, leading to responses like body changes, discomfort, and being pushed out of comfort zones due to external pressures.

General Adaptation Syndrome

Hans Selye's theory describing the body's response to stress through stages of Alarm, Resistance, and Exhaustion.

Eustress

Positive stress that motivates individuals to achieve goals.

Distress

Negative stress causing physical and mental sickness due to frustration.

Hans Selye

Introduced the theory of stress reaction called General Adaptation Syndrome

General Adaptation Syndrome

Describes the body's response stages to stress as Alarm, Resistance, and Exhaustion

Alarm

Occurs when the individual perceives a threat

Resistance

Involves the individual's inclination to either confront or avoid the stressor

Exhaustion

Marks the depletion of the body's resources due to prolonged stress

Eustress

Unpleasant stimulus that serves as motivation, driving individuals to push harder to achieve their goals.

Distress

Stress that causes pain in the mind and body, leading to sickness and distress in both mental and physical well-being.

Physical Impact

Dry mouth, cold sweat, increased rate and depth of breathing, blood becomes more concentrated

Health Problems

Pain of any kind, heart diseases, digestive problems

Cognitive Symptoms

Memory problems, inability to concentrate, poor judgment

Emotional Symptoms

Moodiness, irritability, agitation, feeling overwhelmed

Behavioral Symptoms

Eating more or less, sleeping too much or too little, isolating oneself from others

Aggressive Reaction

Hurting or causing pain onto something or someone else

Displaced Aggression

Directing the aggressive act towards another person or objects

Scapegoating

Blaming another person or objects for one's failure or fault

Free-floating Anger

Prolonged response as a sign of extreme anger

Suicide

Self-destructive act due to hatred for oneself

Withdrawal Reaction

Use of defense mechanisms to protect the ego from pain caused by significant people

Denial

Refusing to accept external reality to protect the self

Displacement

Shifting one's aggression onto something else

Intellectualization

Using reasoning to cope

Rationalization

Providing logical justification for actions

Reaction-Formation

Replacing unacceptable emotions with their opposites

Projection

Attributing one's faults or negative emotions onto others

Regression

Reverting to a more secure past

Repression or Suppression

Pushing unwanted thoughts into the unconscious

Sublimation

Refocusing onto more acceptable and productive activities

Fantasy

Using imagination to escape real problems and stress

Compromise Reaction

Resolving emotional stress by finding a better solution for all parties involved

Self-esteem

One's overall regard of the self and its worth, evaluation of ability, characteristics, traits, and other qualities.