exam 4-anticoags/antiplatelets/thrombolytic drugs

hemostasis

bleeding stops

blood clotting process

vasoconstriction, platelet clot, coagulation mechanism

clot formation process

prothrombin --> thrombin, thrombin makes fibrinogen --> fibrin threads --> mesh forms to trap cells

normal platelet count

150,000-400,000

coagulation process

1. platelets become activated and attach to area they're trying to plug and make mesh
2. rbcs pulled into plug and fibrin solidifies mesh
3. clot is made

antithrombin

inactivates thrombin/clotting factors

thrombophlebitis

vein inflammation caused by blood cot

phlebothrombosis

blood cot forms spontaneously

thrombus

blood clot

embolus

piece of blood clot that travels through vein

heparin MOA

inhibits thrombin --> no fibrin

speed of heparin

rapid

can heparin be administered po

no b/c can't cross GI tract

therapeutic uses of heparin

pulmonary embolism, dvt, open heart surgery

adverse effects of heparin

hemorrhage

heparin contraindications

thrombocytopenia, uncontrollable bleeding

heparin effectiveness evaluation

aPTT

enoxaparin

low molecular weight heparin

enoxaparin therapeutic uses

dvt prevention/treatment

adverse effects of enoxaparin

bleeding, immune mediated thrombocytopenia

warfarin

not good in emergencies

how to monitor warfarin

pt/inr

adverse effects of warfarin

bleeding

drug interactions of warfarin

heparin, aspirin, vitamin k, birth control

dtis

pradaxa (direct thrombin inhibitor)

pradaxa therapeutic uses

dvt/pe prevention and treatment, rapid onset

direct factor xa inhibitors

xarelto

xarelto moa

inhibits thrombin production, po admin

advantages of xarelto

rapid, low bleeding risk

xarelkto uses

dvt + stroke prevention

antiplatelet drug usage

suppress platelet aggregation - decrease arterial clot formation

antiplatelet drug examples

aspirin, clopidogrel