Mental Health - Schizophrenia Quiz

psychosis

defined as a state of confusion/altered state of mind

schizophrenia

symptoms include hallucinations and delusions

causes of psychosis

causes include hyperthyroidism, stroke, TBI, hypoglycemia, kidney failure, dehydration

substance induced psychosis

confusion/altered state of mind that is caused by substance abuse

schizo-affective

schizophrenia with mood component (depression, anxiety, BPD)

antipsychotics

side effects of these types of medications include:

• flat affect

• weight gain/increased appetite

• anticholinergic symptoms

• sedation

acute

phase 1 of schizophrenia: severe symptoms and poor cognitive abilities

safety

focus of treatment for phase 1 of schizophrenia

stabilization

phase 2 of schizophrenia: symptoms are mild/moderate and cognitive abilities are decent

psychoeducate and foster independence

focus of treatment for phase 2 of schizophrenia

maintenance

phase 3 of schizophrenia: symptoms are at/or near baseline and cognitive abilities are good

relapse prevention

focus of treatment for phase 3 of schizophrenia

prodromal

first onset of symptoms up to diagnosis 

positive symptoms

symptoms including hallucinations, delusions (grandiosity, persecutory), bizarre behavior, alteration in speech

negative symptoms

symptoms including anergia, anhedonia, apathy, avolition, asociality, and alogia

affect

narrow range of expression or facial expression never changes

alogia

poverty of thought or speech. client may only mumble or respond vaguely to questions

anergia

lack of energy

anhedonia

lack of pleasure or joy

avolition

lack of motivation in activities and hygiene

jealousy

believes their partner is sexually involved with another individual even though there is not any factual basis for this belief

echolalia

the client repeats the words spoken to them

illusions

misperceptions or misinterpretations of a real experience

catatonia

pronounced decrease or increase in the amount of movement. muscular rigidity or catalepsy

negativism

doing the opposite of what is requested

echopraxia

purposeful imitation of movements made by others

religiosity

is obsessed with religious beliefs

neologisms

made up words that have meaning only to the client (tranged, fittled)

stupor

motionless for long period's of time, coma-like

word salad

words jumbled together with little meaning or significance to the listener

ideas of reference

misconstrues trivial events and attaches personal significance to them, such as believing that others, who are discussing the next meal, are talking about them

persecution

feels singled out for harm by others, such as being hunted down by the FBI

grandeur

believes that they are all powerful and important, like a god

somatic delusions

believes that their body is changing in an unusual way, such as growing a third arm

being controlled

believes that a force outside their body is controlling them

thought broadcasting

believes that their thoughts are heard by others

thought insertion

believes that others’ thoughts are being inserted into their mind

thought withdrawal

believes that their thoughts have been removed from their mind by an outside agency

magical thinking

believes their actions or thoughts are able to control a situation or affect others, such as wearing a certain hat makes them invisible to others

associative looseness

unconscious inability to concentrate on a single thought. Can progress to flight of ideas in which the client’s speech moves so rapidly from one thought to another that is incoherent

clang association

meaningless rhyming of words, often forceful

auditory hallucinations

hearing voices or sound

visual hallucinations

seeing persons or things

command auditory hallucinations

the voice instructs the client to perform an action

olfactory hallucinations

smelling odors

boundary impairment

impaired ability to see where one person’s body ends and another’s begins

gustatory hallucinations

experiencing tastes

tactile hallucinations

feeling bodily sensations

depersonalization

non specific feeling that a client has lost their identity. self is different or unreald

derealization

perception that the environment has changed, such as the client believing that objects in their environment are shrinking

extreme agitation

alteration in behavior that includes pacing and rocking

stereotype behaviors

motor patterns that had meaning to the client but now are mechanical and lack purpose

automatic obedience

responding in a robot like manner

waxy flexibility

maintaining a specific position for an extended period of time

motor retardation

pronounced slowing of movement

gesturing or posturing

assuming unusual and illogical expressions

impaired impulse control

reduced ability to resist impulses

positive symptoms

high levels of dopamine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

extrapyramidal symptoms

low levels of dopamine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

high sex drive

high levels of serotonin causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

depression

low levels of serotonin causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

energy

high levels of norepinephrine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

lethargy

low levels of norepinephrine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

insomnia

high levels of histamine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

drowsiness

low levels of histamine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

OCD

high levels of GABA causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

generalized anxiety

low levels of GABA causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

cholinergic effects

high levels of acetylcholine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

anticholinergic effects

low levels of acetylcholine causes __________ in patients with schizophrenia

EPS

side effect of antipsychotic drugs that encompasses

• acute dystonia

• pseudoparkinsonism

• akathasia

• tardive dyskinesia

haldol and benadryl

which two medications when given together cancel each other out

acute dystonia

uncontrolled spasming, often relieved by diphenhydramine

pseudoparkinsonism

hand tremors, slow shuffling gait

akathasia

restlessness and uncontrollable urge to move

tardive dyskinesia

uncontrolled lip smacking, pill rolling, tongue thrusting

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

sudden high fever, blood pressure fluctuations (check both sides!) diaphoresis, tachycardia, muscle rigidity, decreased LOC, coma

clozapine

what medication might cause agranulocytosis

1st generation antipsychotics

dopamine antagonist medication that is give to treat only positive symptoms. more dangerous and older/costs less

2nd generation antipsychotics

dopamine AND serotonin antagonist medication given to treat both positive and negative symptoms

chlorpromazine

1st generation antipsychotic (trade name: thorazine)

loxapine

1st generation antipsychotic (trade name: loxitane)

haldoperidol

1st generation antipsychotic (trade name: haldol)

fluphenazine

1st generation antipsychotic (trade name: prolixin)

trifluoperazine

1st generation antipsychotic (trade name: stelazine)

risperidone

2nd generation antipsychotic (trade name: risperdal)

olanzapine

2nd generation antipsychotic (trade name: zyprexa)

quetiapine

2nd generation antipsychotic (trade name: seroquel)

clozapine

2nd generation antipsychotic (trade name: clozaril)

aripiprazole

2nd generation antipsychotic (trade name: abilify)