Intercultural Communications TEST 2

What is Man? I hope to show clearly and convincingly that the answer is to be found in the patent fact that human beings possess in varying degrees a certain natural faculty or power or capacity which serves at once to give them their appropriate dignity as human beings and to discriminate them, not only from the minerals and the plants but also from the world of animals, this peculiar or characteristic human faculty or power or capacity I shall call the _________ faculty or _________ power or _______ capacity.

Time-binding.

The Latin word for cattle was pecus, and the word pecunia, which came to signify _________, accounts for the meaning of our familiar word pecuniary.

Money.

In political economy the meagreness of our understanding is especially remarkable; we have not yet grasped the obvious fact—a fact of immeasurable import for all of the social science —that with little exception the wealth and capital possessed by a given generation are not produced by its own toil but are the inherited fruit of ________ toil—a free gift of the past.

Dead men’s.

According to Alfred Korzybski, what kind of wealth perishes?

Material wealth.

According to Alfred Korzybski, what kind of wealth may be lost or forgotten?

Knowledge wealth.

Among the __________ there are those who want wealth—mainly the fruit of dead men's toil—for themselves. Among the _________ there are those—the orthodox socialists—who seek to disperse it. The former do not perceive that the product of the labor of the dead is itself dead if not quickened by the energies of living men. The latter do not perceive the tremendous benefits that accrue to mankind from the accumulation of wealth, if rightly used.

Capitalists, socialists.

Whether we be capitalists or socialists or neither, we must learn that to prey upon the treasury left by the dead is to live, not the life of a human being, but that of a ________.

Ghoul.

According to Elias Canetti in Crowds and Power, the family becomes rigid and stiff when it does what?

Excludes others from its meals.

According to Elias Canetti in Crowds and Power, what is man’s most contemptible creation?

The family of two.

According to Elias Canetti in Crowds and Power, originally laughter contained a feeling of pleasure in what?

Prey or food which seemed certain. 

According to Elias Canetti in Crowds and Power, Canetti suggests that a human who falls reminds us of what?

Prey.

According to Seneca in the Epistles, why has nature intermingled pleasure with necessary things?

To make existence attractive to our eyes.

According to Seneca in the Epistles, how does money smite?

Money smites because it leads to a greater craving of itself. 

According to Seneca in the Epistles, hunger is not _______; it is quite satisfied to come to a(n) _____.

Ambitious; end

According to Seneca in the Epistles, Everything conducive to our well-being is prepared and ready to our hands; but what luxury requires can never be got together except with what?

Wretchedness and anxiety.

According to Seneca in the Epistles, the motto of luxury is to enjoy what?

That which is unusual.  

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this concept refers to a strategically structured pattern of values, articulated in and through the symbolic forms of the members of an organization?

Organizational culture.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this mode of communication is an acceptable and perhaps mandatory way to transmit messages. For example, certain types of communication must be presented in written (textual) form and signed, such as an official document.

Sanctioned.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this concept refers to the division of labor, makes the employee an expert in one very particular area, machine-like. 

Specialization.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, ___________ authority: Power based on an individual's personality and ability to attract or interact with followers. Transitional and not stable.

Charismatic

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, ___________ authority: Power based on the rational application of rules developed through a reliance on information and expertise. Control through bureaucracy, less oppressive but risks bureaucracy run amok.

Rational/legal.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this type of message involves official company messages such as those contained in an HR handbook, a press release, an advertisement, a report, a statement on

Formal.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, ___________ involves the sending and receiving of messages among interrelated individuals within a particular social domain in alignment with the achieving of collective goals. ___________ involves the transmission of messages that are highly contextual and culturally dependent.

Organizational communication.

According to your Neuliep text: ___________ understand organizations through the eyes of the marginalized members; things like gender, class, race (to improve the lives of women who are surrounded by men for example) what can we do to lift them up? 

Critical perspectives.

Sally and Jean are co-workers, they are discussing a new policy regarding paid time off. This is an example of?

Sideways communication flow.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, aspects of an organization's culture that employees and outsiders can easily see or talk about are known as what?

Organizational artifacts. 

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion of village culture, how many plants and animals have been added to those domesticated or cultivated by neolithic communities?

None.

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion of village culture, domestication in all its aspects implies what two large changes?

Permanence of residence and foresight.

“He who lives near at hand, within calling distance, sharing the crises of life, watching over the dying, weeping sympathetically for the dead, rejoicing at a marriage feast or a childbirth.” Whom is Mumford describing in his discussion of Neolithic Culture?

Neighbhors.

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion of village culture, what is Neolithic man's first obligation?

The nurture and cherishment of life.

As far as the present record stands, grain cultivation, the plow, the potter’s wheel, the sailboat, the draw loom, copper metallurgy, abstract mathematics, exact astronomical observation, the calendar, writing and other modes of intelligible discourse in permanent form, all came into existence at roughly the same time, around __________. give or take a few centuries.

3000 B.C

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, Professor Mehrabian was an environmental psychologist. He suggested we can calculate the _______(the amount of information contained or perceived in the environment per some unit of time). The more information available to process the greater the __________.

Information rate.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, __________ implies an environment that is described as: uncertain, varied, complex, novel, large-scale, contrasting, dense, etc.

High load

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, ______________ implies an environment that is certain, redundant, simple, familiar, small-scale, similar, sparse, etc

Low load.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, a table or a chair is best characterized as what type of environmental form?

Semi-fixed.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach (Edward T. Hall), _____ space is perceptual and varies according to the movement of the interactants. _______ space lasts only as long as the interactants communicate. It is not static space and is usually outside the awareness of the people interacting.

Informal.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, _________ orientation emphasizes schedules – the compartmentalization and segmentation of measurable units of time. In _______ cultures (USA) time is thought of as almost physical, like something you can possess like money.

Monochronic.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, _______ time views time as much less tangible and stresses multiple activities with little emphasis on scheduling. _______ time cultures allow the natural context to guide behaviors. In class we discussed the example of the Siesta in Spain.

Polychronic.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, what is the primary reason why Japanese people utilize paper walls in their built environment?

This is a cultural response to population density.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this type of privacy involves the state of being free from the observation of others.

Solitude

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, _____ is the state in which psychological barriers control unwanted intrusion

Reserve.

From what origin does Professor Dawkins derive his idea of the meme?

The gene

What is the new primeval soup for Professor Dawkins?

Culture.

According to Professor Dawkins, how do memes propagate themselves in the meme pool?

Imitation.

According to Erich Fromm, __________ is restricted to the extent to which we are bound to possession, works, and lastly, to our own egos.

Human freedom.

What vice is the natural outcome of the having orientation?

Greed.

According to Professor Fromm, what excludes being?

Passivity.

According to Professor Fromm in To Have or to Be, what is the 'fundamental characteristic' of being?

Being alive.

According to Professor Fromm, what is not one of the prerequisites to the mode of being?

Power

The cultural anthropologist Dan Everett states that the greatest technological discovery that led to all subsequent technologies was what?

Language.

When does Dan Everett suggest this greatest of all technological discoveries was made?

2 million years ago.

What species of our ancestors made this invention?

Homo Erectus.

Dan Everett asserts that our ancestors were the first and only _________________.

Talking gorillas.

According to Charles Sanders Pierce, a(n) __________ is a sign that is physically connected to what it represents, such as if you smell smoke that’s a sign of fire.

Index.

According to the social anthropologist Dan Everett, our five senses evolved so that we could read _________.

Indices.

According to the social anthropologist Dan Everett, how many generations are we removed from the original discovery of language?

60,000.