Statistical Analytics Struggles

μ

Population Mean

x̄

Sample mean

p

Population proportion

p̂

Sample proportion

σ

Population SD

s

Sample SD

N

Population size

n

Sample size

Null Hypothesis H0

= ≤, or ≥

Alternative Hypothesis Ha

≠, <, >

Two tailed operator

≠

Standard Error

Standard deviation of a sample statistic, estimating its fluctuation across different samples from a population

alpha α

Significance level, representing risk you’re willing to accept of wrongly rejecting a null hypothesis (Reject H0)

p-value

Probability of observing data as extreme than what you got, assuming null hypothesis is true (Accept H0)

Z test

Hypothesis test that determines if sample mean / proportion differs significantly from population mean or if difference is just random luck.