what are the main characteristics of plants
Eukaryotes, Multicellular, Cells wall contain cellulose, Carry out Photosynthesis
label the parts of a leaf
what is the function of the spongy layer
facilitate the circulation of air and the exchange of gases
what is the function of the stomatas
take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen
what is the function of guard cells
open and close the stomata
what is the function of xylem
Carries water from roots to leaves using capillary action (when water can move against gravity)
what is the function of phloem
carries glucose from leaf to all parts of the plant
what are vascular bundles
vessels of a plant that contain xylem and phloem
whats the difference between an angiosperm and a gymnosperm
gymnosperm seeds are in cones while angiosperms seeds are in flowers
what are the 2 types of stems in angiosperms
herbaceous (monocot and dicot) or woody
what traits do monocot angiosperms have
flowers are in multiples of 3’s, leaves have parallel veins, vascular bundles are scattered through the stem, roots expand out, seed has one lead
what traits do dicot angiosperms have
flowers are in multiples of 4/5, leaves have expanding veins, vascular bundles are arranged in a circle, roots come down in a line, seed has 2 leavesk
know the plant cladogram
know the alteration of generations
Auxin stimulates what kind of growth in plants?
root growth
Gibberellins stimulates what to happen in plants?
grow larger
What does Ethene (ethylene) stimulate in plants?
the ripening of plants
What tropism response is a response to light?
phototropism
What is thigmotropism?
a plant's response to touch
What tropism response does a plant show in response to gravity?
gravitotropism
ectotherm
an animal that is dependent on external sources of body heat
endotherm
an animal that is dependent on or capable of the internal generation of heat (a warm-blooded animal)
tympanic membrane
a thin, circular layer of tissue that separates your outer ear from your middle ear
blastula
an animal embryo at the early stage of development when it is a hollow ball of cells
deuterostome
animal with mouth and anus
protostome
animal with only a mouth
notochord
beginning of the spinal cord
cephalization
the mouth, sense organs, and nerves concentrate at the front end of an animal, producing a head
chordate
a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail (includes every group of animal)
non-vertabrate chordate
typically small bodied marine animals, poses the same characteristics with no vertebrate
memorize cladogram
radial symmetry
bilateral symmetry
animals groups based on evolution
fish → amphibians → reptiles (birds sub category) → mammals
Body Covering
scales, smooth skin, scales, scales; feathers, hair
Respiration
gills, lungs, lungs, lungs + air sacs, lungs
Circulation
Single loop; 2 chamber heart, Double loop; 3 chamber heart, Double loop; 4 chamber heart, Double loop; 4 chamber heart, Double loop; 4 chamber heart
Body Temperature regulation
Ectotherm, Ectotherm, Ectotherm, Endotherm, Endotherm
Response
Nervous system; brain, Nervous system; brain; nictitating membrane;Tympanic membrane ,Well-developed nervous system; brain, Well-developed nervous system; brain, Well-developed nervous system; brain
Movement
Alternating contracting muscles; Swim bladder; Fins, front and back legs, Strong Limbs, wings, Backbone flexibility for many types of movement
Reproduction
External fertilization; Shell-less eggs; lay eggs in water, Internal Fertilization;lay eggs in water, Internal fertilization; Shelled; amniotic egg, Internal fertilization Shelled; amniotic egg, Internal Fertilization; Live birth; Shelled; amniotic egg; milk for young