World War II Part 1

Struggle of European countries after WWI

economic depression and political unrest

Fascism

a system of government where the nation is more important than the individual

Fascist countries in the 1930s

Italy, Spain, and Germany

Benito Mussolini

dictator of Italy

Ethiopia

attacked by Mussolini; poor, defenseless country in East Africa

Rome-Berlin Axis

alliance between Italy and Germany

Francisco Franco

dictator of Spain

Communism

an economic and political system in which the government owns the means of production and there is no private property

Communist country in the 1930s

Soviet Union

Joseph Stalin

Soviet Union; used fear and propaganda to make people like him

Ukraine Famine

Stalin forced the famine

Adolf Hitler

“deh fuhrere,” the leader; dictator in Germany

Nazi Party

promises to restore national respect and empire and economic stabilization

Mein Kampf

Hitler's book that became Nazi ideology; blamed minorities for weakening Germany; called for purification of the aryan race

Germany's violations of the Treaty of Versailles

rebuilt their military

Maginot Line

string of bunkers and fortresses that lined the German and French border

Vichy France

free part of France during WWII

Anschluss

union; Germany tried to force the Austrian government to agree

Munich Agreement

Great Britain and France let Hitler annex the Sudetenland

Appeasement

giving up principles to pacify an aggressor

Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

agreed to never attack one another or ally with the other's enemy; seret pact to split Poland

Blitzkrieg

lightning war; uses the latest in aircraft and tank technology to surprise the enemy

Axis

Italy, Germany, and Japan

Allies

Great Britain and France to start

Dunkirk

Great Britain rescued French troops when they were trapped by german soldiers at the port of Dunkirk

Battle of Britain

Britain stood alone and was under attack by Germany; London Blitz

Neutrality Act of 1935

made it illegal to sell arms to any country at war

Cash and Carry

countries had to send their own ships to pick up nonmilitary supplies and pay cash on the spot

Lend-Lease Act

lend and lease arm to any country considered “vital to the defense of the United States"

Japan and Manchuria/Korea

Japan invaded

Oil Embargo

issued by FDR; cut off oil, steel, and other war supplies from Japan

Japan's first target

airbases

Japan's main target

Battleship Row/Ford Island

Draft

a system used for choosing people from the population to serve in the military

George C. Marshall

chief of staff of the US Army; guided largest expansion of army in US history

Double V Campaign

victory over Hitler's racism and racism at home

Tuskegee Airmen

a group of African Americans who were recruited for combat; first African American air force unit

Women's jobs during war

clerical, administration, or nursing

Franklin Roosevelt

president of US during WWII

Ukraine Famine

forced by Stalin

Neville Chamberlin

prime minister of Great Britain before Churchill

Winston Churchill

prime minister of Great Britain after Chamberlin

Mass Production

helped the Allies win the war

Cost-Plus

a government contract to pay a manufacterer the cost to produce an item plus a guaranteed percentage

Executive Order 8802

no discrimmination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government

War Labor Board

created to help manage disputes between workers and their employers

Rationing

restricting the amount of an item an individual can have due to limited supply

Victory Gardens

planted by citizens during the war to raise vegetables for home use, leaving more for the troops

War Bonds

bought by Americans to help pay for the cost of the war

Germany Invades Poland

September 1, 1939

Attack on Pearl Harvor

December 7, 1941