Napoleon flashcards part 1 only

From what years did Napoleon's reign start and end?

1799-1815

The people voted democratically to make Napoleon emperor. What is this known as

A plebiscite

Why did the people vote for Napoleon?

They were weary after the Reign of Terror and wanted stability. They were also afraid to protest because they feared arrest.

As a general at age 26, Napoleon…

stopped a revolt in Paris that tried to block the start of the Directory.

in 1795, he was freed from jail and called to protect and in

so doing helped to save the Revolution.

The National Convention

In , Napoléon became the first Consul of France.

1799

Why did Napoleon use the title "First consul"

it was a title used in the Roman Republic

WIth the Napoleonic Code, Napoleon established a financial institution known as the….

Bank of France

Explain the public education system planned by the National Convention (made official by Napoleonic Code)

It included all levels of education including elementary, high school, universities, and technical schools.

A central agency supervised and directed all the nation's schools. This was known as…

the University of France

In 1801* Napoleon ended conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and French government. How did he do this? What was it called?

by reaching an agreement called the Concordat.

What did the Concordat acknowledge?

Catholicism as official religion of France.

What did the Concordat NOT abolish?

religious toleration guaranteed by the Declaration of the Rights of Man.

Under the concordat, what did the church have to do?

give up claims to the property the government had seized and sold during the Revolution

What were rights guaranteed by the Napoleonic Code?

Right to own property, Freedom of religion, Equality before the law

When was the Napoleonic Code created?

1801

Why was the Church land confiscated and given to the people? What could the Pope do in return?

the people would be able to trust Napoleon but the Pope could use church positions

Although the French future looked bright under Napoleon, what was the problem?

Women lost rights and there was no political opposition

Although the tradition was for the Pope to crown the emperor, what did Napoleon do?

Crown himself, demonstrating he held all authority

Where and when was Napoleon's coronation to become emperor?

Notre Dame, 1804

In 1805, a Third coalition of _, ____, and _____ had allied with Great Britain to defeat France.

Austria, Russia, Sweden, led by Britain

What was the Battle of Tralfagar? (Southern Coast of Spain)

A British fleet led by Horatio Nelson defeated a combined French and Spanish fleet

Although the British won during the Battle of Tralfagar, what tragedy occured?

Horatio Nelson died during battle

Since Napoleon realized he cannot invade British, he tries to hurt them economically through the….

Continental System

How did the Continental System work? What did it do?

Napoleon blocked British goods by setting up a blockade, meaning he ordered all European countries under his control to stop trading with Britain.

What was the role of France's navy and allies in the Continental System?

to try to stop British ships from entering European ports.

Which country did the blockade against Great Britain do the most damage to?

United States

What was the outcome of the Continental system? Was France successful?

No, it backfired because Britain had a strong navy and kept trading with other places

In 1805, Napoleon defeated ___ and __ ay Austerlitz, which resulted in the Third Coalition collapse.

Russia and Austria

In 1808, which countries signed a humiliating peace treaty and who allied with France?

Prussia and Austria sign a treaty while Czar Alexander allied Russia with France

What other countries did Napoleon rule?

Austrian and Dutch Netherlands + Spain

What other countries did Napoleon force in alliances with France?

Denmark and the Papal States (modern day Italy)

Napoleon organized the German States into the _, where he claimed himself as protector

Confederation of the Rhine

Napoleon abolished what empire in 1806?

Holy Roman Empire

Napoleon unified all small northern Italian states into the _and made them dependencies of France

Kingdom of Italy

Napoleon allowed his relatives to do what?

Rule over the countries he conquered

The French helped awaken a spirit of _ which was a threat to Europe

Nationalism

Wherever the French army went, they placed the Napoleonic Code into effect. This meant….

the abolishment of feudalism and serfdom, introduced its modern military techniques.

On the Iberian Peninsula lay Spain + Portugal. In 1807, what did Portugal refuse to do?

Observe the Continental System because the nation depended on trade with Britain

Napoleon decided to conquer Spain in 1808 and make _ king

His brother Joseph