RSM 494 final

What are the primary functions of a strength and cardio facility?

-Improve physical conditioning
-Rehabilitation and therapy
-Weight loss and control
-Competition

What are the desired facility planning outcomes of a strength and cardio facility?

-Achieve program objectives
-Maximize use of space
-Safety of participants
-Increase user satisfaction

How can you define the best use of space?

-What programs will be offered?
-Size of total membership
-Equipment preferences
-Type of flooring

For each piece of exercise equipment, how much space should be provided?

20-40 square feet

For each person using the equipment at a given time, how much space should be allowed?

20-25 square feet

Where should equipment be placed?

-High risk equipment should be away from glass and entrances and be close to supervision.

-Tallest machines should be along walls.

-Weight machines should be 2 feet apart.

-Clear 3 feet wide pathway throughout.

What is the preferred flooring for strength and cardio facilities?

Wooden, tile, rubber, interlocking mats, or carpet.

Why was there a major growth in aquatic facilities?

-Stronger economy and increased interest in swimming after WWII

-Many facilities built in mid 20th century for competitive swimming

-Waterparks and leisure pools were becoming popular in the mid-80's

What is important when planning a new facility?

-Market analysis to determine the demand

-Identify priority user groups

-Visit new aquatic facilities

-Consider costs over lifetime

How much is construction for a aquatic facility?

Small communities - $1-2M
Large communities - $10M

True or False: Leisure pools recover more operating costs than traditional pools.

True

What is the largest source of income for aquatic facility?

Concessions

What are some attractions in leisure pools?

-Water falls
-Waterslides
-Fountains
-Whirlpools
-Lazy River
-Current Channels
-Participatory water play toys
-Multiple pools with different temperatures

What are the characteristics of modern outdoor pools?

-Needs lots of shade structures.
-De-emphasize "baby pools"
-Use stabilized chlorines
-Security

What is the difference between outdoor and indoor pools?

-Outdoor pools are less costly to construct but have a 2-3 month season

-Indoor pools are more costly but are open all year round.

What are the characteristics of competitive pools?

-Easier to plan

-78-81 degrees F

-Springboards and Diving towers need deep water and be separate from competitive swimming.

-"Stretch" should be 25 or 50 m

-Wider pool decks are desired

While tile was once considered the most versatile, which floor accommodation is the most durable?

Textured, "spiky", colored/beige cement.

What do decks drains do for pools?

Help clean, upkeep, and have slipperiness to a minimum.

What is a very important characteristic about deck drains?

They must be away from the edge pool and the deck must slope to drains.

What are the characteristics of surface collection systems?

-Returns water from pool back to filters.

-Gutter systems feed into surface skimmers and are deep recessed or deck level

-They are cast-in-place, pre-fabricated, or stainless-steel.

-There must be two bottom outlets minimum.

What is the Virginia Graeme Baker Act?

Legally, pools must cover any drainage system in which a child might become entrapped.

What is different pool lighting options for indoor aquatic facilities?

-125-150 ft. candles for elite events.

-100 foot candles for other competitions.

-30-50 foot candles for rec and leisure aquatics.

What is the positive and negative for underwater lighting?

Often required for safety and aesthetics but is typically troublesome in pools.

What is the best pool interior finish but the most expensive?

Tile

What color should pool finishes be?

White or very light

What is the top priority of a aquatic facility but often ignored?

Indoor air quality

What is the best method to entrap matter in a pool filter?

A larger filter bed and slower flow of water.

What are the pool filters media types?

-Sand/Gravel
-Diatomaceous Earth
-Cartridge

What does the CCU pool use for chemistry?

Chlorine, Calcium Chloride, Muratic acid, Sodium Bicarbonate

What are the basic safety features of aquatic features?

-Signage
-Safety equipment
-Safety ledges
-Recessed ladders
-Barriers
-Multiple drains/drain covers

What are some trends in water safety?

-Supervision of lifeguards

-Wider/lower lifeguard stations for movement

-Land and underwater video

-Drowning detection systems

-Automated external defibrillators

What are the benefits of park and rec?

-Provide leisure and fitness
-Quality of life
-Lure new businesses
-Provide jobs
-Build communities

What are the current trends impacting planning process?

-Changes in participation rates, stability of employment, population, and world energy.

-Greater recognition of cultural influences and women's interests

-Advances in medical care

-Expanding new activities

-Changes in regional economics

What are the general planning issues?

-Master Plan Concept
-Community Involvement
-Planning for Urban Areas
-Multiple Use
-Eliminating Architectural Barriers

What is the Master Plan Concept?

-Conceptualized at policy making
-Physical matters
-Planning stage

What are the main type of indoor community areas?

-Neighborhood rec centers
-Community rec centers
-Supercenters

What are some examples of specialized rooms?

-Gyms
-Locker rooms
-Game rooms

What is the purpose of playgrounds?

Physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development.

What are some considerations when designing for supervision?

-Age separation
-Use of signs
-Open sight lines
-Placement of equipment
-Accessibility

What are the age separation of playground?

6-23 months
2-5 years old
5-12 years old

What are some general design considerations in playgrounds?

Scale
Space
Zones
Orientation
Maintenance

What are the three types of apparatuses?

Stationary - structures doesn't move

Moveable - child pushes/moves with apparatus

Manipulative - wagons, bikes, blocks

What are some safety concerns of playgrounds?

-Elevation - less than 6 feet
-Falls - MOST COMMON INJURY
-Surfacing - 9 ins min of fill
-Loose parts
-Entrapment
-Rusty or Toxic paints

How many injuries occur from playgrounds each year?

200,000

What are some considerations for tennis courts?

-Prevailing winds, natural barriers
-Surfacing materials
-Fencing
-Slope/Drainage

What are types of court surfaces used for tennis?

Soft composition (Clay and Grass)
Hard composition (Asphalt)
Synthetic

Which type of composition is good for young, old, and beginner players but has a high maintenance?

Soft composition(Clay and Grass)

Which type of composition brings more stress on legs but has a low maintenance?

Hard composition(Asphalt)

What are some miscellaneous considerations for tennis courts?

-Lighting
-Storage areas
-Parking areas
-Water fountains
-Electrical outlets

What are some safety zones in indoor courts that should be addressed?

-From endline to wall - basketball=10ft while volleyball=15ft minimum

-Space between courts, weight equipment, etc.

-Drinking fountains, fire extinguishers, standard doorknobs, doors, columns

What are the different types of sports fields?

Football, Baseball/Softball, Soccer, etc.

What are good sport field planning tips?

-Good construction specifications
-Good communications
-Sound agronomics

What is usually considered when planning for stadiums?

Size
Multi-field complex
Spectators
Rest room area
Concessions
Press box
Bullpen

What are some planning considerations of stadiums?

Climate, parking, location

What are some outdoor safety zones?

Avoid overlapping fields

Don't combine two activities into one space

15 ft from sideline to fence or obstruction

Screen in dugouts

DO NOT leave out portable soccer goals.

What should you avoid when having a baseball facility?

Having the batter/catcher and pitcher from facing directly into early morning or late afternoon sun.

When planning for baseball and softball fields, what should go into consideration?

Warning track, pitcher mound, backstop

Type A

Indoor Teaching Stations
(Gym floor, mat areas, swimming pool)

Type B

Outdoor Teaching Stations
(Fitness trails, court spaces, swimming pool)

Type C

Sports Fields and Buildings (Playing fields, athletic buildings, softball diamonds)

What are the six theories for the sports facilities boom?

1 Obsolescence - Facilities built in the 1970s or earlier are being replaced. Saves more money to replace than renovate.

2 Edfice - Facilities becoming a focal point for community development such as commercial and residential interest.

3 Expanding Use - New facilities will automatically increase attendance due to novelty and increased amenities for fans.

4 Competitive Balance - Provides teams necessary revenue to compete successfully in leagues with significantly rising player and other costs.

5 Increasing Cost - Owners must have new facilities in order to realize revenue streams to receive an attractive profit on their investment.

6 Exclusive Use - Teams seek new facilities they will have the exclusive right to use for their own events.

How much revenue did the four major leagues bring in from luxury suites?

$1 Billion

What is the purpose of naming rights?

Agreement between stadium owner and large corporation to connect brand name or logo to facility.

What is the purpose of PSLs?

To allow purchaser to buy season tickets in special seating areas.

Why do crowds need to be managed?

-Large gatherings of people raise the odds of dangerous occurrences

-People in a crowd have a tendency to take for granted that others have the responsibility

-Big crowds make changes in action slower or faster

-Big crowds make communication slower and more complicated

-Big crowds raise the possible number of victims

What is the broken window theory?

An ordered and clean environment sends the signal that the area is monitored and that criminal behavior will not be tolerated.