Biology

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119 Terms

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Pituitary
FSH, GH, ADH
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Thyroid
Thyroxin
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Adrenal Gland
Epinephrine
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Pancreas
insulun
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Gonads
Estrogen
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Gonads
Gametes (sperm & eggs)
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Fallopian Tubes
oviducts
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ovaries
follicle
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Uterus
Cervix
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Testes
Seminiferous tubules
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99% fluids
1% sperm
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Diploid
Body cell 2n mitosis
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Ovary
Follicule → egg
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Sensory neurons
Sensory receptors PNS
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Interneurons
CNS interprets
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Motor Neurons
PNS response
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Sensory Receptors
Stimulus- sensory transduction
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Thermoreceptors
Temp of blood and body
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Chemorecpetors
olfaction/ gustation- taste smell
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photoreceptors
rods and cones retina
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axial skeleton
cranium/ vertebrae
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Shoulder
Clavicle/ scapula
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Pectoral appendage
Humerous, carpals, phalanges
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Pelvic appendage
femur, tibis, tarsals
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Smooth Cardiac
Striated
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Sacromere
Contracting Unit of Muscle
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Tendon
Muscle to bone
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Ligaments
Bone to Bone
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Endocrin

Endocrine glands produce "____ __messengers" called__ ___ __that are by the__ ____. Cells that respond to a hormone are called__ _____

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Endocrine glands produce "chemical messengers" called "hormones" that are transported by the bloodstream. Cells that respond to a hormone are called "target cells".
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FSH is produced in the __________ . What is the target tissue for FSH?
FSH is produced in the anterior pituitary gland. The target tissue for FSH is the Gonads ovaries or testes
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Which hormone stimulates milk production during pregnancy?
PRL
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Epinephrine is commonly known as adrenalin & produced in the adrenal gland
Epinephrine is commonly known as _______ __and is produced in the__
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How your body uses the fuel (food) you take in is known as blank & the hormone that primarily affects it is blank, produced in the blank
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Flashcard: The process of how your body uses the fuel (food) you take in is known as metabolism & the hormone that primarily affects it is thyroxin, produced in the thyroid gland.
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__________ produce PTH and it affects Calcium levels in the blood.
Parathyroids are small endocrine glands located in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium levels in the blood.
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The pancreas has tissue that produces insulin and glucagon; those are hormones that affect glucose levels
The __________ has tissue that produces insulin and glucagon; those are hormones that affect glucose levels.
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ADH is a hormone produced by the pituitary that affects how kidneys concerve water
_________ is a hormone produced by the __________ that affects how kidneys conserve water.
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Estrogen and progesterone are produced by the
ovaries
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____ reproduction involves one individual and gives rise to offspring which are genetically identical to the parent
asexual
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The ______ is the muscular organ in which a mammalian fetus completes development. e
uterus
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The three accessory glands of the male which add secretions to the sperm.
Prostate gland, seminal vesciles, ovollbourethocol gland
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In the testes sperm production or ___________ occurs in the __ of the testes
Spermatigenesis, seminiteroos tubules
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The procedure which sterillizes the female by removing a portion of the fallopian tubes is called a ____ . In male sterilization is called _________
Tubal Ligation, Vastectomy
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The ovaries has ______ which dived to form the egg
follicles
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________ is a type of (sexual, asexual) reproduction in which part of the parents body dividesand develops in a new individual
budding, asexual
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In makes the tube which conducts urine or semen out of the body is the _____
Urethra
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The egg travels through a ______ tube towards the___________ where it will implant and develope into an embryo if fertilized
Fallopian, uterus
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The coiled tube besides the testis which stores the sperm as they mature is the
Epidymis
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Egg and sperm are collectively called _____ and are (haploid, diploid)
gametes , haploid
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The lower portion or “neck” of the uterus is the _______.__ The lining of the uterus is called the _____________
Cervix ,endometrium
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What other form if cellular communication is there besides neurons
hormones
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Vital function such as heart rate and breathing are controlled by the _________
Medulla ablongata
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The part of the brain used to “think” and that is where intellect memory are located is the _________.__ it is made up of two halves called ________
Cerebrum, Hemispheres
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Special chemicals which relay a nerve impulse across a synapase are called ______. Name two examples
Neurotansmitters, ACH- CP inephrine & dopamine
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What do you call the gap between a neuron and the next cell?
Synapase (or synaptic cleft
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Which part of the brain has control over the endocrine system?
hypothalamus , centranerous system
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The brain and spinal cord make up the __________ - also called “CNS”
Central Nervous System
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The two cerebral hemispheresare are connected by the ______
Corpus Callosum
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The part of the brain which controls balance and muscle corrdination is the ________
cerebellum
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Which part of the brain recieves sensory information and directs it to the appropriate part of the cerebrum
thalamus
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Any change in the body’s internal or exterbak ebvironment or any energy that can be detected by an animal is called a
stimulus
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PNS stands for ___ and the nerves that determine whether the body is in “rest and digest” or “fight and flight” mode is the _________ nervous system.
Peripheral nervous system, automatic
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What are meninges?
Membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord
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Cells that insulate the neurons cell processes are called _________ cells; they are a type of supportive cell in nerve tissue generally known as ________
Schwann- Glial cells
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_______ neurons transmit impulses towards the central nervous system
Sensory
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_____neurons transmit impulses to muscles and glands
Motor
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Which type of neurons mainly communicate with other neurons?

Where in the nervous system are they concentrated?
Interneurons, CNS
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Depolarization occurs when ____ ions flood (into, out of) the neuron and it triggers what is known as _______
Sodium, nerve impulse or action potential
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The cell process of a neuron which carries the nerve impulse AWAY from the cell body is the _____. Which processes send the impulse towards the body?
Axon, Dendrites
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Which type of nerve tissue (gray or white) is myelinated nerve tissue?
White
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_____ are sensory neurons found in the nasal cavity and tongue
Chemoreceptors
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Which type of receptors are found in the eye?

What are the two types?
protoreceptors, cones & rods
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The structures at the back of the eye where these neurons are found is the ______
retina
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Changes in temperature are detected by _____________
thermoreceptors
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Gustation is the sense of ______;__ olfaction is the sense of ______
Taste, Smell
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When we say “receptor” we are usually referrinng to what type of neuron?
sensory neuron
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Which receptors are stimulated by aromas?
Chemoreceptors
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What type of cell can be found in a lacuna in bone tissue?
osteocyte
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The bony segments of the backbone are called _____
vertebrae
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Which type of skeleton is found in worms and sea anemones
hydrostatic skeleton
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Blood vessels and nerves in bone tissue are found within the ______
haversian canal
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A skeleton which surrounds the soft body is known as an ______
exoskeleton
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What is a disadvantage of exoskeleton?
must be shed in order for animal to grow
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Bones are connected to other bones by _______
ligaments
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Muscles are connected to bones by ______
tendons
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Blood vesse;s and nerves in compact bone tissue run through bone tissue in channals called
haversian canals
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Wrist bones
carpals
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thigh bone
femor
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neck bones
cervical vertebrae
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Skull
cranium
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ankle bones
tarsals
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Shoulder/limb
pectoral
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finger bones
phalanges
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shin bone
tibia
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upper arm bone
humerous
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shoulder blade
scapula
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knee cap
patella
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hips/hindlimb
pelvic
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The action of muscles pulling on the skeleton produces __________ which is active travel from place to place
locomotion
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The contracting unit of striated muscle fiber is the _______
sacromere
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_________ and __________ are the primary proteins that make up filaments in muscle tissue
actin , myosin