Biology

Pituitary

FSH, GH, ADH

Thyroid

Thyroxin

Adrenal Gland

Epinephrine

Pancreas

insulun

Gonads

Estrogen

Gonads

Gametes (sperm & eggs)

Fallopian Tubes

oviducts

ovaries

follicle

Uterus

Cervix

Testes

Seminiferous tubules

99% fluids

1% sperm

Diploid

Body cell 2n mitosis

Ovary

Follicule → egg

Sensory neurons

Sensory receptors PNS

Interneurons

CNS interprets

Motor Neurons

PNS response

Sensory Receptors

Stimulus- sensory transduction

Thermoreceptors

Temp of blood and body

Chemorecpetors

olfaction/ gustation- taste smell

photoreceptors

rods and cones retina

axial skeleton

cranium/ vertebrae

Shoulder

Clavicle/ scapula

Pectoral appendage

Humerous, carpals, phalanges

Pelvic appendage

femur, tibis, tarsals

Smooth Cardiac

Striated

Sacromere

Contracting Unit of Muscle

Tendon

Muscle to bone

Ligaments

Bone to Bone

Endocrin

Endocrine glands produce "____ __messengers" called__ ___ __that are by the__ ____. Cells that respond to a hormone are called__ _____

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Endocrine glands produce "chemical messengers" called "hormones" that are transported by the bloodstream. Cells that respond to a hormone are called "target cells".

FSH is produced in the __________ . What is the target tissue for FSH?

FSH is produced in the anterior pituitary gland. The target tissue for FSH is the Gonads ovaries or testes

Which hormone stimulates milk production during pregnancy?

PRL

Epinephrine is commonly known as adrenalin & produced in the adrenal gland

Epinephrine is commonly known as _______ __and is produced in the__

How your body uses the fuel (food) you take in is known as blank & the hormone that primarily affects it is blank, produced in the blank

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Flashcard: The process of how your body uses the fuel (food) you take in is known as metabolism & the hormone that primarily affects it is thyroxin, produced in the thyroid gland.

__________ produce PTH and it affects Calcium levels in the blood.

Parathyroids are small endocrine glands located in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium levels in the blood.

The pancreas has tissue that produces insulin and glucagon; those are hormones that affect glucose levels

The __________ has tissue that produces insulin and glucagon; those are hormones that affect glucose levels.

ADH is a hormone produced by the pituitary that affects how kidneys concerve water

_________ is a hormone produced by the __________ that affects how kidneys conserve water.

Estrogen and progesterone are produced by the

ovaries

____ reproduction involves one individual and gives rise to offspring which are genetically identical to the parent

asexual

The ______ is the muscular organ in which a mammalian fetus completes development. e

uterus

The three accessory glands of the male which add secretions to the sperm.

Prostate gland, seminal vesciles, ovollbourethocol gland

In the testes sperm production or ___________ occurs in the __ of the testes

Spermatigenesis, seminiteroos tubules

The procedure which sterillizes the female by removing a portion of the fallopian tubes is called a ____ . In male sterilization is called _________

Tubal Ligation, Vastectomy

The ovaries has ______ which dived to form the egg

follicles

________ is a type of (sexual, asexual) reproduction in which part of the parents body dividesand develops in a new individual

budding, asexual

In makes the tube which conducts urine or semen out of the body is the _____

Urethra

The egg travels through a ______ tube towards the___________ where it will implant and develope into an embryo if fertilized

Fallopian, uterus

The coiled tube besides the testis which stores the sperm as they mature is the

Epidymis

Egg and sperm are collectively called _____ and are (haploid, diploid)

gametes , haploid

The lower portion or “neck” of the uterus is the _______.__ The lining of the uterus is called the _____________

Cervix ,endometrium

What other form if cellular communication is there besides neurons

hormones

Vital function such as heart rate and breathing are controlled by the _________

Medulla ablongata

The part of the brain used to “think” and that is where intellect memory are located is the _________.__ it is made up of two halves called ________

Cerebrum, Hemispheres

Special chemicals which relay a nerve impulse across a synapase are called ______. Name two examples

Neurotansmitters, ACH- CP inephrine & dopamine

What do you call the gap between a neuron and the next cell?

Synapase (or synaptic cleft

Which part of the brain has control over the endocrine system?

hypothalamus , centranerous system

The brain and spinal cord make up the __________ - also called “CNS”

Central Nervous System

The two cerebral hemispheresare are connected by the ______

Corpus Callosum

The part of the brain which controls balance and muscle corrdination is the ________

cerebellum

Which part of the brain recieves sensory information and directs it to the appropriate part of the cerebrum

thalamus

Any change in the body’s internal or exterbak ebvironment or any energy that can be detected by an animal is called a

stimulus

PNS stands for ___ and the nerves that determine whether the body is in “rest and digest” or “fight and flight” mode is the _________ nervous system.

Peripheral nervous system, automatic

What are meninges?

Membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord

Cells that insulate the neurons cell processes are called _________ cells; they are a type of supportive cell in nerve tissue generally known as ________

Schwann- Glial cells

_______ neurons transmit impulses towards the central nervous system

Sensory

_____neurons transmit impulses to muscles and glands

Motor

Which type of neurons mainly communicate with other neurons?

Where in the nervous system are they concentrated?

Interneurons, CNS

Depolarization occurs when ____ ions flood (into, out of) the neuron and it triggers what is known as _______

Sodium, nerve impulse or action potential

The cell process of a neuron which carries the nerve impulse AWAY from the cell body is the _____. Which processes send the impulse towards the body?

Axon, Dendrites

Which type of nerve tissue (gray or white) is myelinated nerve tissue?

White

_____ are sensory neurons found in the nasal cavity and tongue

Chemoreceptors

Which type of receptors are found in the eye?

What are the two types?

protoreceptors, cones & rods

The structures at the back of the eye where these neurons are found is the ______

retina

Changes in temperature are detected by _____________

thermoreceptors

Gustation is the sense of ______;__ olfaction is the sense of ______

Taste, Smell

When we say “receptor” we are usually referrinng to what type of neuron?

sensory neuron

Which receptors are stimulated by aromas?

Chemoreceptors

What type of cell can be found in a lacuna in bone tissue?

osteocyte

The bony segments of the backbone are called _____

vertebrae

Which type of skeleton is found in worms and sea anemones

hydrostatic skeleton

Blood vessels and nerves in bone tissue are found within the ______

haversian canal

A skeleton which surrounds the soft body is known as an ______

exoskeleton

What is a disadvantage of exoskeleton?

must be shed in order for animal to grow

Bones are connected to other bones by _______

ligaments

Muscles are connected to bones by ______

tendons

Blood vesse;s and nerves in compact bone tissue run through bone tissue in channals called

haversian canals

Wrist bones

carpals

thigh bone

femor

neck bones

cervical vertebrae

Skull

cranium

ankle bones

tarsals

Shoulder/limb

pectoral

finger bones

phalanges

shin bone

tibia

upper arm bone

humerous

shoulder blade

scapula

knee cap

patella

hips/hindlimb

pelvic

The action of muscles pulling on the skeleton produces __________ which is active travel from place to place

locomotion

The contracting unit of striated muscle fiber is the _______

sacromere

_________ and __________ are the primary proteins that make up filaments in muscle tissue

actin , myosin