1.1 Ports & Protocols - COMPTIA NETWORK+

SSH (Secure Shell)

A cryptographic network protocol used for secure data communication, remote command-line login, and other secure network services over an unsecured network.

SSH port

Port 22, the default port used for SSH connections.

SFTP (SSH file transfer protocol)

An extension of SSH that provides secure file transfer capabilities, allowing for the secure exchange of files over a network.

SFTP port

Port 22, the default port used for SFTP connections.

HTTPS

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, used for secure communication over a computer network, primarily the Internet.

HTTPS port

Port 443, the default port used for HTTPS connections.

SMTP (simple mail transfer protocol)

A protocol for sending email messages between servers. It is used to transfer messages from a mail client to a mail server or between servers.

SMTP port

Port 25, the default port used for sending email messages via SMTP.

SMTP when encrypted with TLS port number

is referred to as SMTPS, typically using port 465 or 587 for secure email transmission.

POP3 (post office protocol v 3)

A protocol used by email clients to retrieve emails from a mail server. It allows users to download messages to their local device for offline access.

POP encrypted with TLS port

is typically using port 995 for secure email retrieval.

IMAP when encrypted with SSL port number

is referred to as IMAPS, typically using port 993 for secure email access.

secure version of LDAP port number

is typically using port 636 for secure directory access.

FTP (file transfer protocol)

a standard network protocol used for transferring files from one host to another over a TCP-based network such as the Internet.

FTP port numbers

the default ports are 21 for command and 20 for data transfer.

TFTP (trivial file transfer protocol)

is a simpler version of FTP that uses only UDP for file transfers, commonly operating on port 69.

telnet

a protocol used for insecure remote login to network devices and servers, allowing users to communicate with devices over a TCP/IP network, typically operating on port 23.

DHCP

is a protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network, operating typically on port 67 for servers and port 68 for clients.

HTTP

is an application layer protocol used for transmitting hypertext over the internet, typically operating on port 80.

DNS

is a protocol used for translating domain names into IP addresses, allowing users to access websites using human-readable addresses instead of numeric IP addresses, typically operating on port 53.

SNMP

is a protocol used for network management and monitoring, allowing administrators to manage and monitor network devices. It typically operates on port 161 for general communication and port 162 for traps.

RDP (remote desktop protocol)

is a protocol used to enable remote access to a computer's desktop interface, allowing users to connect and control another computer over a network. It typically operates on port 3389.

NTP (network time protocol)

is a protocol used to synchronize the clocks of computers over a network, ensuring accurate timekeeping across devices. It typically operates on port 123.

SIP (session initiation protocol)

is a protocol used for initiating, managing, and terminating real-time communication sessions such as voice and video calls over IP networks. It typically operates on port 5060 for unencrypted traffic and port 5061 for encrypted traffic.

SMB (server message block)

is a network file sharing protocol used for providing shared access to files, printers, and serial ports among nodes on a network. It typically operates on ports 445

SMTP

is a protocol used for sending emails over the internet, allowing the transfer of messages between mail servers. It typically operates on port 25.

pop3

is an Internet standard protocol used by email clients to retrieve emails from a remote server. It typically operates on port 110 for unencrypted traffic and port 995 for encrypted traffic.

IMAP

is a protocol used by email clients to access and manage emails on a remote server. It allows for more advanced features compared to POP3, such as the ability to organize and modify emails while maintaining them on the server. used in conjunction with ports 143 for unencrypted access and 993 for encrypted access.

LDAP

is a protocol used for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over a network. It commonly operates on port 389 for unencrypted traffic and port 636 for encrypted traffic.

Syslog

is a standard for message logging in network devices and servers, allowing for centralized logging and management of log messages. It typically operates on port 514 for sending logs over UDP.

Microsoft SQL server

port 1433

SQLnet (oracle)

port 1521

MySQL

port 3306