The Reformation c. 1550-1603 + Union of Crowns

Dominant faith in early modern world

Catholicism

First successful heresy

Protestantism

Act of Parliament banning Protestant books in Scotland

1525

First Protestant martyr

1528

Where Protestantism thrived (in Scotland)

Mostly south and east

English Reformation __ years before Scotland’s

About 25

Mary Queen of Scots to marry…

Henry VIII’s son (to form an alliance)

England going back and forth between which two religions

Catholicism and Protestantism

Outbreak of Revolution 1559 Triggers

Scotland as a French province, Crisis in England, France and Spain at peace, Protestant Preachers summoned to Stirling

Reformation Crisis 1559-60

Civil war between Protestants and Catholics in Scotland

Mary of Guise

Queen of Scotland, death brought upon the Treaty of Edinburgh, ending the Auld Alliance (1560), tensions with Protestant reformers in Scotland (was Catholic)

Two kingdoms theory

Belief that there was religious authority and secular authority (ie King had no right to interfere with the Church in matters of religion), late 1590s onward appointing bishops to look after the Church

Union of Crowns

1603, between James IV and Margaret Tudor

James VI of Scotland also known as

James I of England

Consequences of the union

Shared monarch, non-resident monarch, S + E had different trading partners

How many times did James VI visit Scotland in over 22 years?

Once

Economic and cultural consequences

Courts gone (less demand for Royal Court), tradesmen in Edi took a hit, less of a threat of invasion by England, monarch less accessible (due to having to post letters to England from Scotland)

Charles I called Scottish Parliament how many times in 13 years?

Once

The Wars of the Three Kingdoms

Scottish Revolution (1639), Irish Rebellion (1641), English Civil War (1642)

Charles I executed for

Treason in 1649, Charles II proclaimed king immediately

Collapse of the Cromwellian regime

1660