Parasite Exam 2

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Hamatopinus Asini is a

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263 Terms
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Hamatopinus Asini is a

A) Sucking louse of equids

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Arthropods which are parasitic on animals all

C) have chitinous exoskeletons

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The biting midges (Culicidae) are members of the sub-order

  • Nematocera

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The biological vectors of Dirofilaria immitis are

  • Mosquitos

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Which of the following options best describes the mouthparts of the horse fly, Tabanus

  • Rasping

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Which of the following statements is true of fleas that feed on domestic animals

  • both sexes suck blood

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The lesions of flea bite hypersensitivity in dogs are found mostly

  • around the hind quarters and groin

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Which of the following tick species are considered invasie species in the USA

  • Haemophysalis longicornis

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Insect bite hypersensitivity in horses is caused by the bites of

  • Culicoides spp.

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Tick paralysis is

  • has a good prognosis if tick is removed

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Sarcoptc mange is caused by

  • burrowing mites

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lice are

  • obligate ectoparsites

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Mites that legs extending well beyond their body margin

  • non-burowing mites

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Demodicosis in dogs is

  • an infestation of Demodex mites

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Best area to take skin scrapig

  • the periphery fo the lesion

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Dermanyssus Gallinae

  • can potentially feed on humans

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The most important paralysis-inducing Ixodid tick species of cattle in North America is

  • Dermacentor andersoni

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On how many hosts do Rhipicephalus Sanguineus feed to complete its life cycle

  • three hosts

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Where would you expect to find the mite Pneumonyssoides caninum

  • in the respiratory system of their hosts

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An insecticide can be used to treat

  • flea infestation in dogs

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Acaricide

any drug or formulation for killing acarids (mites or ticks)

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Insecticide

any drug or chemical used for killing insects

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Pesticides

substances/mixture of substances for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest - used in crop protection

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Endectocide

parasiticides (macrocyclic lactones) that affect both nematodes and arthropods

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Curative

cure/heal sick animals following the diagnosis of infection

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Metaphylaxis

treatment of whole group of animals after diagnosis of infection in part of the group - to prevent the spread of infectious disease

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Preventative

treatment of a group of animals before clinical signs to prevent the occurrence of disease or infection (can cause resistance)

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strategic

treatment at certain time points according to parasite biology

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Mites morphology

2 body parts, 4 pairs of legs, pedipalps (sensory organ), larvae only have 3 pairs of legs, pedicles can end in claws or suckers

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Mites metamorphosis

incomplete

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mites host

the majority are free-living, some plant predators, some obligate parasites

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Mites pathology

85% of asthma sufferers are allergic to free-living dust mites, irritation and traumatic lesions caused during feeding, mange, cutaneous hypersensitivity, anemia

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mites intermediate host

tapeworms of cattle, sheep, horses

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mites life cycle

parasitic mites spend their entire lives on the host, mostly ectoparasitic, 1-3 nymph stages

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mites transmission

direct contact between hosts

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mites seasonal

winter is a problem because of animals huddling together and kept in closer quarters

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classification of mites

burrowing or non-burrowing

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what are cigar shaped and cause mange

demodex folliculorum

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Free-living mites - Orbatida

morphology: beetle like

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habitat: soil and vegetation on pastures

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transmission: ingested

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hosts: sheep and other grazing animals

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intermediate hosts: cestodes, Moniezia and Anoplocephala

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diagnosis of Non-burrowing mites

skin scraping at the edge of the lesion or serum ELISA

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Non-burrowing mites pathology

dermatitis

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Non-burrowing mites morphology

oval body, long legs

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Non-burrowing mites transmission

direct contact, indirect via scratching

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Non-burrowing mites feeding

skin scales and tissue, superficial blood sucking

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what is the most common mange in cattle, can survive off hosts

Chorioptes

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what is the common ear mite

Otodectes Cynotis

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Otodectes Cynotis ear mites hosts

dogs, cats, foxes

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Otodectes Cynotis morpholoyg

unsegmented pedicle

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Otodectes Cynotis predilection site

deep ear canal

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Otodectes Cynotis clinical signs

grey to black exudate with crusts

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Otodectes Cynotis pathology

hematoma, head shaking, pruritis, secondary bacterial infection

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Raillietia ear mites hosts

cattle and goats

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Raillietia pathology

blockage of auditory canal, inflammation, hearing loss

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Diagnosis of ear mites

dark debris, moving white specks on otoscope

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Dermanyssidae non-burrowing mites

Pneumonyssoides caninum

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Dermanyssus gallinae

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Ornithonyssus sylviarum

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Pneumonyssoides caninum

canine nasal mite

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Pneumonyssoides caninum morphology

oval, pale yellow

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Pneumonyssoides caninum clinical signs

head shaking, inverted sneezing, nasal sections

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Dermanyssus gallinae non burrowing mite

red mite of poultry or pigeon mite

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Dermanyssus gallinae morphology

large, elongated chelicerae and stylet like piercing mouthparts, greyish white, but red when engorged

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Dermanyssus gallinae

not a permanent ectoparasite

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only one which punctures skin

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zoonotic

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Dermanyssus gallinae feeding

larvae dont feed, nymphs feed and fall off, can live for 8 months without feeding

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Ornithonyssus sylviarum

Northern fowl mite

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abundant in US

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main ectoparasite of laying birds

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Trombiclidae non-burrowing mite

mostly free living with some parasitic adaptations

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morpholoyg; orange-red

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seasonal: late summer, early autumn

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habitat: grain storage areas

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predilection site: ears, eyes, toes (in humans= feet)

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parasitic: only larval stages

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hosts: not host specific, dogs, cats, birds, rabbits zoonotic

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Burrowing mites

morphology: small round short legs

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Sarcoptidae (Sarcoptes, Notoedres, Trixacarus, Kneidocoptes)

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Demodicidae (Demodex)

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Sarcoptidae Sarcoptes scab mite, scabies

morphology: numerous transverse ridges and triangular scales on dorsum

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