GE-8 Ethics: Dilemma and Foundation of Morality

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers key concepts from the GE-8 Ethics lecture, including types of dilemmas, ethical relativism, and specific Filipino cultural values.

Dilemma

A difficult situation in which an individual is confronted or forced to choose between two or more conflicting options, neither of which is acceptable.

Moral Dilemma

A situation where a person must consider two or more moral values or duties but can only honour one of them, leading to the violation of at least one important moral concern.

Moral Agents

The term used in ethics to describe persons who are forced to choose between two or more conflicting options in a dilemma.

Benjiemen Labastin

The individual who stated that in moral dilemmas, the moral agent seems fated to commit something wrong and is bound to morally fail by choosing one requirement over another.

Personal/Individual Dilemma

A situation where an individual must choose between two options that do not resolve the situation in an ethically acceptable fashion, and personal ethical guidelines provide no satisfactory outcome.

Organizational Dilemma

A difficult situation where a business, school, or government agency must choose between conflicting courses of action that have ethical, legal, financial, or social consequences.

Structural Dilemma

A conflict arising from the rules, policies, systems, or structure of an organization or society rather than from an individual's personal choices.

Ethical Relativism

A philosophical concept suggesting that moral principles are not universal but are relative to cultural, societal, or individual contexts, with no absolute standards.

Cultural Behavior

The actions, habits, and practices characteristic of a group or society, shaped by collective norms, traditions, values, and customs.

Moral Behavior

Actions and decisions judged based on ethical standards or principles regarding what is considered right or wrong, good or bad.

Pakikisama

A Filipino value meaning "getting along with others," which involves maintaining teamwork, unity, and cooperation while avoiding unnecessary conflict.

Utang na Loob

The Filipino value of "debt of gratitude," which involves remembering and repaying the kindness of someone who has helped.

Hiya

A person's sense of shame, modesty, or concern about what others think, which encourages proper behavior and respect.

Bayanihan

The Filipino tradition of community spirit, characterized by helping one another without expecting anything in return.

Family-Centeredness

A Filipino cultural trait where the family is considered the highest priority and of greatest importance.

Hospitality

The warm welcoming and caring for guests, which is a significant trait in Filipino culture.