Unit 0 Exam - AP Psychology

Psychology is the _________ study of _______________ and _________________________

scientific, behavior, mental processes

What is Nature vs. Nurture?

Biological vs. Environmental (for example: are u fucking fat due to genetics or how you were raised?)

What is Person vs. Situation?

Individual vs. Circumstance (ex. laughing when someone is yelling at you, to ease tension. or perhaps you’re a sociopath like riley nolan)

What is Mind vs. Body?

Intangible thoughts vs. actual brain (ex: you scroll on instagram reels, waiting for the next talk tuah video, but really its the dopamine lingering in your brain, craving more so you keep scrolling for that talk tuah).

Stability vs. Change

Stable: eye color, height, intelligence, awesomeness, etc.

Change: how stinky u can get

Diversity vs. Universality

Person vs. The whole world (how many hours of sleep u get vs. universal rates)

Biological perspective (pinky)

B —> Brain, Behaviorists look at the tie between our behavior and our biology, or how genetics influence our behavior. But knowledge base for this is relatively small, like our pinky.

Ex: Fear response, fight or flight

Humanistic (ring finger)

Ring finger associated to marriage, marriage is seeing the best in partnership with someone. Humanists believe that we need others to “reach our fullest potential” or unconditional positive regard.

Ex: Student cant thrive if bullied

Behavioral (middle finger)

Learned and reinforced. You dont know that flipping off the middle finger is bad until you see it and learn that it is an insult. Relates to the idea of rewards, punishment, and modeling. (Involves experiments)

Ex: consistently rewarding a new exercise routine can make it a regular part of your life.

Cognitive (pointer)

Point to head like you are thinking. Cognitive means perception and thoughts. It looks at how we process, store, and interpret information.

Ex: Irrational thinking, “No one is ever going to love me because i’m ________”

Evolutionary (skin between pointer and thumb)

Evolutionary psychologists focus on how traits/behaviors evolve over time.

Psychodynamic

Usually associated with childhood, or children. Children suck on their thumbs 😕 . Psychodynamic psychologists look back to our childhoods, when they are focusing on the past, and any unconscious conflicts that stem from childhood.

Ex: Freud

Sociocultural (palm of hand)

Whole world in the PALM OF UR HAND. 🤣 All cultures are connected by human experience. To understand others, we must understand the culture they are from.

What does the scientific attitude consist of?

Curiosity

Skepticism

Humility

How is Psychology a science?

• Uses the scientific attitude (when scientists test out a hypothesis)

• Uses research and observing behavior

How does critical thinking feeds a scientific attitude and smarter thinking for everyday life?

• Examines assumptions

• Appraises the source

• Discerns hidden biases

• Evaluates evidence

• Assesses conclusions

Basicawally, we use critical thinking to debunk popular assumptions. Instead of thinking something is true right off the bat, we must ask questions and have skepticism about what we hear/see/observe.

How do biases show why science based answers are better than just common sense?

The science based answers help us understand the flaws in our thinking