Infection Control

one

how many links need to be broken in the chain of infection to stop the spread of an infection

Droplet, airborne, contact

Name 3 ways infection can spread in the mode of transmission

communicable

a disease that can spread (flu, PNA)

bacterial

if the patient is on abx you could assume they have what type of infection

airborne

if the nurse is wearing an N95, gown, & gloves while walking into a room that is negative pressure, what precaution is the patient on

30

how many days do items remain sterile after being autoclaved

sharps container

how do you properly dispose of sharps

standard

when working with a patient with HIV, what precaution would you use

sterilization

the process that destroys all microorganisms

bloodborne pathogen

what did OSHA establish to protect healthcare workers from HBV, HCV, & HIV

contact

if a patient has MRSA what transmission based precaution would they be on

sepsis

bodys overreaction to an infection

opportunistic

what type of infection occurs when the body’s defenses are weak

CDC

who developed standard precautions

reservoir

a medical instrument that is contaminated with blood acts as a what

surgical mask

what PPE do you need to wear for droplet precaution

HIV

what disease can lead to AIDS if not cared for properly

warm

when washing hands what temp should the water be

protozoa

one-celled animal-like organisms found in decayed materials & contaminated water

aerobic

need oxygen

anaerobic

do not need oxygen

reverse

if the patient has really low white blood cells (neutropenia) what precaution might they be on

fungus

what is the name of the microorganism are simple plant like organisms, such as yeasts and mold

bacilli

rod shaped bacteria

cocci

round or spherical shaped bacteria

spirilla

spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria

2 inches

how much of the border around the outside of a sterile field is considered contaminated

gown, mask, eyewear, gloves

correct order to don PPE

gloves, eyewear, gown, mask

correct order to doff PPE

antibiotic

if the patient was diagnosed with an infection caused by streptococci, what medication could you give them

viruses

what microorganism cannot replicate unless they are in another living cell

viral

what kind of disease is hepatitis B and hepatitis C

endogenous, exogenous, HAI, opportunistic

4 types of infection

infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

6 links to chain of infection

antisepsis

when using aseptic technique, which method prevents the growth of pathogenic organisms on the skin

disinfectant

when using aseptic technique which method prevents the growth of organisms on surfaces

pathogens

Infectious agents that cause illness when multiplied inside a host.

disease

Any condition in which the normal structure or function of the body is damaged or impaired

gloves and gown

What PPE is used for contact precautions?

Autoclave

Steam under pressure used for sterilization

Asepsis, handwashing, PPE, disinfection, vaccines

How is the chain of infection broken?

Pathogen: Disease-producing microorganisms

Non pathogen: Beneficial microorganisms that are part of normal flora

What is the difference between a pathogen and a non-pathogen