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Mercantilism
A practice where a powerful country establishes colonies in other regions to acquire raw materials like wood and metals, enhancing the wealth of the mother country.
Land Bridge Theory
The hypothesis that during the ice age, people migrated from Asia to North America by crossing a land bridge known as Beringia.
Smallpox
A disease that Europeans brought to the Americas, causing devastating effects on Native American populations due to their lack of immunity.
Middle Colonies
Consisted of Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, known for their rich farmland, moderate climate, and diverse cultural population.
Intolerable Acts
British laws imposed as a punishment on Boston colonists following the Boston Tea Party, leading to increased tensions in the American colonies.
Patriots
Americans who supported independence during the American Revolutionary War.
Federalism
A system of government where power is divided between a national government and state governments, ensuring a balance of authority.
Shays Rebellion
An uprising driven by economic grievances, particularly the financial struggles of farmers, highlighting the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
Manifest Destiny
The belief that the United States was destined to expand its territory from the east coast to the west coast.
Erie Canal
A man-made waterway connecting the Hudson River to Lake Erie, facilitating trade and boosting the economy of New York.
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