Stakeholders and Norms in Program Evaluation

Stakeholders

Individuals or groups involved in program assessment.

New Perspectives

Fresh viewpoints provided by stakeholders.

Implementation Support

Stakeholders assist in executing program strategies.

Credibility Enhancement

Stakeholders improve the program's trustworthiness.

Program Operations

Activities conducted by those managing the program.

Administrators

Individuals overseeing program management and operations.

Managers

People responsible for directing program activities.

Staff

Personnel directly involved in program execution.

Collaborators

Partners working together on program initiatives.

Partner Agencies

Organizations that support program effectiveness through collaboration.

Beneficiaries

Individuals who benefit from the program's outcomes.

Evaluation Plan

A structured approach to assess program effectiveness.

Unique Plans

Each evaluation plan reflects specific program expertise.

Program Selection

Choosing one program to focus evaluation efforts.

Training Board Members

Educating members about program outcomes and evaluation.

Continuous Feedback

Ongoing input that enhances project improvement.

Evaluation Team

Group responsible for conducting program evaluations.

Task Assignment

Specific responsibilities designated to team members.

Data Gathering

Collection of information by program staff.

Data Analysis

Evaluation of collected data by a statistician.

Management Involvement

Active participation of management in evaluation processes.

Question Feasibility

Assessing if evaluation questions can be answered.

Service Improvement

Enhancing program effectiveness through evaluation findings.

Norming

Procedure for interpreting test scores effectively.

Raw Score

Initial score on a psychological test, lacks meaning.

Standardization Sample

Group used to establish test performance norms.

Norms

Empirical data representing test performance of a sample.

Relative Standing

Individual's performance compared to normative sample.

Derived Scores

Scores expressed as developmental level or relative position.

Normative Sample

Group analyzed for evaluating individual test performance.

Test Standardization

Administering tests to establish norms for interpretation.

Stratified Sampling

Sample method ensuring proportional representation of characteristics.

Stratified Random Sampling

Random selection from identified strata in a sample.

Purposive Sampling

Arbitrary selection of a sample believed to be representative.

Incidental Sampling

Convenience sampling using readily available individuals.

Comparative Measures

Allows direct comparison of performances across tests.

Distribution of Scores

Range of scores from the standardization sample.

Empirical Establishment

Determining norms based on actual test performance.

Test Administration

Process of giving a test to a sample group.

Performance Evaluation

Assessing an individual's test results against norms.

Sampling Bias

Error introduced by unrepresentative sample selection.

Generalization of Findings

Applying results from a sample to a larger population.

Test Developer

Individual or group creating and administering the test.

Normative Reference

Using norms to interpret individual test scores.

Interpretive Data

Additional information aiding in understanding raw scores.

Standardized Test

A test administered under uniform conditions.

Descriptive Statistics

Summarizes data using central tendency and variability.

Population Description

Details about the demographics of test takers.

Percentile Norms

Percentage of test takers scoring below a specific score.

Relative Position

Individual's score compared to others in distribution.

Converted Score

Score expressed as a percentage of test takers.

Percentage Correct

Correct answers divided by total items, multiplied by 100.

Middle Distribution Exaggeration

Small differences in raw scores appear larger in percentiles.

End Distribution Minimization

Large raw score differences reflected as small percentile changes.

Standard Scores

Scores indicating distance from the mean in standard deviations.

Z-Scores

Standard score indicating how many standard deviations from the mean.

Age Norms

Norms based on average performance of test-takers by age.

Mental Age

Age level of intellectual performance compared to peers.

Problematic Mental Age

Discrepancies between intellectual and chronological age.

IQ Standard Deviations

Variability of IQ scores changes with age.

Comparison Groups

Groups used for comparing test performance.

Code of Fair Testing Practices

Guidelines for ethical test development and administration.

IQ Score

A measure of intelligence relative to the mean.

Standard Deviation

A statistic indicating data dispersion from the mean.

Intellectual Development

Cognitive growth that slows with age.

Grade Norms

Average test performance indicators for school grades.

Grade Equivalents

Scores reflecting average performance by grade level.

Representative Sample

A group accurately reflecting a larger population.

Mean Score

Average score calculated from a data set.

Median Score

Middle value in a sorted data set.

Grade Equivalent Score

Raw score corresponding to a specific grade level.

Performance Comparison

Evaluating one student's performance against peers.

National Norms

Norms based on a nationally representative sample.

National Anchor Norms

Equivalency table for scores from standardized tests.

Subgroup Norms

Norms for specific groups within a larger population.

Local Norms

Normative data for a specific, limited population.

Intertest Comparisons

Comparing scores across different tests.

Institutional Samples

Samples from specific institutions like schools or prisons.

Test Misinterpretation

Incorrect conclusions drawn from test scores.

Cognitive Growth Rate

Speed of intellectual development over time.

Normative Information

Data reflecting performance of a defined population.

Performance Gauge

Tool for comparing student performance within grades.