AP Psych - Unit 1

Nervous system

Body’s system of communication that controls everything we do

Neuron

A nerve cell

Transmits info within the brain and between the brain

Nerves

Bundles of axons that form cables for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Made up of all the bodyś nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord

Somatic Nervous system

part of PNS, controls VOLUNTARY muscle movements

Autonomic Nervous System

Part of PNS, controls automatic functions of the body

Sympathetic Nervous System

FIGHT FLIGHT or FREEZE

Parasympathetic Nervous System

REST & DIGEST. Activated during calm times or to calm a stress response.

Dendrites

receives the message from previous neuron

Soma

calculates whether the message should get passed down

Axon

Sends messages to terminals

Myelin Sheath

Helps speed up the electric signals sent down the axon

Axon Terminals

end of the axon, sends the signals to travel across the synapse and to the dendrites of the next neuron

Dopamine

Mood and emotion. Being happy is DOPE

Serotonin

mOOd and hunger

Norepinephrine

Fight or flight, alertness. EPI - EPIPENS

Glutamate

Learning and long term memory, GLUE FOR MEMORY

GABA

Sleep-wake cycles melAtion

Endorphins

Pain control and pleasure

Substance P

Pain perception. P - Pain

ACH

Muscle actions and attention

Hormones

Chemical messages

Adrenaline

Fight or Flight

Ghrelin

Hunger hormone, HUNGER GREMLIN

Leptin

reduce hunger, GLP 1´s

Melatonin

Sleep hormone

Oxytocin

Sexual Arousal, Bonding

Agonists

Same shape as neurotransmitter. LOCK AND KEY

Antagonists

can fit in the receptor site, and block it. BLOCK AND KEY

Reuptake Inhibitors

Blocks the reuptake transmitter, increasing the amount of the chemical in the synapse

Brain stem

Central core of the brain

Medulla

Heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. Like medusa, if this stops working you will stop working too AKA turn into stone

Pons

Control sleep wake cycles

Cerebellum

LITTLE BRAIN, balance and voluntary muscle movement

Limbic system

wraps around the thalamus. MEMORY EMOTIONS AND MOTIVATIONS

Thalamus

Sensory signals coming up from the spinal cord.

Hippocampus

Memory, I REMEMBER THE HIPPO ON CAMPUS

Amygdala

Emotions processing. FEAR AND AGGRESSION

Pituitary Gland

Regulates growth. BFFS with hypothalamus

Cerebral Cortex

The outermost layer of the brain. All the lobes.

Frontal Lobes

Just behind forehead, contain motor cortex and broca’s area

Prefrontal cortex - SIMPSON SLAPS HIS FOREHEAD WITH HIS DUMB DECISIONS

Motor Cortex - Voluntary muscle movement

Parietal Lobes

Top of the head

Sensory Cortex - registers info from the senses

Occipital lobes

Back of the head

Visual cortex - Visual signals from the eyes

Temporal lobes

Sound signals