Digital Literacy

Input Devices, Output Devices, Storage Unit, System Unit, Operating Systems

5 Hardware Components

Input Device

Any device that allows raw data to be entered into the computer system, aka user interface

• Mouse

• Keyboard

Output Devices

Any device that takes processed data and conveys it in a meaningful way

• Monitor

• Printer

**Motherboard**

System Unit

Network Card

System Unit

**RAM**

**(Random Access Memory)** Storage Unit. The hardware in a computing device where the operating system (OS), application programs and data in current use are kept so they can be quickly reached by the device's processor.Temporary storage

**CPU**

**(Central Processing Unit)** The CPU is essentially the brain of the computer

**ROM**

**(Read Only Memory)** is a type of electronic storage that comes built in to a device during manufacturing Permanent storage

**Network**

The software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals. Computers not connected are stand alones, and computers connected are called network computers

**What are 3 Reasons For a Network?**

• File sharing

• Hardware sharing

• Increased storage

How do you connect to a network?

• To actually use a network, you must connect to the network using an internet service provider (Bell, Rogers, etc.,)

• There are various types of internet services including cable, DSL, and Wi-Fi

Intranet

An intranet is a computer network that shares information, systems, and programs within an organization. **A computer network that shares information within an organization.**

Internet

The internet is a global system of networks used to serve billions of users worldwide

**LAN**

A Local Area Network is a computer network that connects computers in a small area (home, school, office, etc.)

**WAN**

A Wide Area Network is a computer network that covers a broad area using private or public network transports (large businesses, government entities)

**PAN**

A Personal Area Network is a computer network used for communication among various devices, including cell phones, tablets, and PDA’s

**Router**

A piece of network hardware that allows communication between your local home network—like your personal computers and other connected devices—and the internet.

• First line of security.

• Highest level of security on the router turns on things like firewall, and is the best way to keep info safe from attack

**Operating System**

The software that supports a computer's basic functions. This provides common computer software.

• Mac

• Windows (makes up 60% of desktops and laptops)

• Google's Android (most common)

**GUI**

The part of the operating system that you can see. Just like the computer has hardware, the the image you see on each person’s screen varies (Graphical User Interface)

**Software**

Any program on the computer to tell you how to perform a task

**Ergonomics**

Is the study of how the physical health of workers is affected by their workplace

**Ergonomic design**

Means creating a healthier work area for employees

**Computer Ergonomics**

Is the science of equipment design and how specific equipment usage and placement can reduce a user's discomfort and increase productivity

**What are 5 positive work environment characteristics?**

• Temperature should be kept between 15 and 22

• There should be air circulation

• Monitor should be eye level

• Keyboards should be kept at elbow height elbows should be 90 degrees

• Cleanliness

• Un-flickering lights

• Colors of workplace should be neutral

**What are 5 positive furniture environment characteristics?**

• Chairs should have 5 legs

• Firm seat that allows 90 degree angle

• Seat should be padded but firm enough for good posture

• Space under desk

• Medium and light coloured surfaces

**What are some positive computer hardware characteristics?**

* Monitors should have flat screens to reduce eye strain and at a distance of 45cm/18-24 inches and be at eye level, and should be cleaned often

How do you connect to the internet?

To actually use a network you must connect to the network using an internet service provider (Bell, Rogers, etc.)

It uses radio frequency bands in place of a cable. One advantage is ‘always-on’ connection that can be acessed from any location within the network coverage zone.

**Wifi**

Uses a 2-wire copper telephone line connected to one’s home so service is delivered at the same time as landline telephone service.

**Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)**

Provides an internet connection through a cable modem and operates over cable TV lines. Different speeds depending on uploading or downloading. Faster access than DSL or dial up

**Cable**

Transmits data using light it is the best

Fibe Internet

Accesses the internet via a satellite in Earth’s orbit, has a delayed signal because of distance from satellite, used in rural areas

**Satellite**

Provides wireless internet access through cell phones speeds vary from 3g to 5g.

**Cellular**

**The World Wide Web**

Just one very large part of the internet because the internet includes emails, instant messaging, multiplayer gaming

**Website**

A collection of webpages

**Webpage**

A single document which can be images, videos, charts, etc.

**Web Address/URL**

Uniform Resource Locator, an address given to a unique resource on the web

**Deep Web**

Not accessible through traditional search engines, is over 500 times the size of the visible web

**How much does a search engine carry?**

Search engines only search an index of the web 

**What does this operator mean (-)**

Exclusion: Excludes words from your search results

**What does this operator mean (+)**

Inclusion: Makes sure the word it precedes is used exactly as you entered it

**What does this operator mean (~)**

Similar Words: Includes similar words in your search results

**What does this operator mean (OR)**

The boolean “or”: Includes one, the other or both words in your search results

**What does this operator mean (..)**

Number Range: Includes a range of numbers in your search results.

**What does this operator mean (*)**

Fill-in-the-Blank: Leaves space for a missing word in your search results

**What does this operator mean (“ “)**

Exact Phrase: Includes only the exact phrase, in your search results

**What hardware component are headphones?**

Output

**What hardware component are a mouse?**

Input

**What hardware component is a printer?**

Output

**What hardware component is a projector?**

Output

**What hardware component are scanners?**

Input

**What hardware component are motherboards?**

System Unit

**What hardware component are network cards?**

System Unit

**What hardware component are monitor?**

Output

**What hardware component are RAM?**

Storage Unit

**What hardware component are USB?**

Storage Unit

**What three factors do you need to have good computer ergonomics with your monitor?**

45m to 60cm away from your face, at eye level, flat screen monitor to prevent eye strain

**What is the difference between a browser and a search engine?** 

A browser is a piece of application software that retrieves and displays web pages; a search engine is a website that helps people find web pages from other websites

**ISP**

Internet Service Provider, provides Internet access to companies, families, and even mobile users eg. Rogers

Modem

Allows your computer to communicate with the internet

Difference between system and storage unit

Storage: Any hardware capable of holding information either temporarily or permanently

System: are the components responsible retrieving and executing instructions

Headphones

Output

Mouse

Input

Printer

Output

Projector

Output

Scanner

Input

You Got This!

YES