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simple solution, hydrolysis, oxidation/reduction, hydration/dehydration
what must simple solution have?
no mineral produced
what must hydrolysis have?
an OH attached to something
what must hydration have?
mineral produced
what must redox have?
ion that changes its charge
SiO2 + 2H2O → H4SiO4
simple solution
why is the simple solution one simple solution and not the others?
hydration would have OH added to something, hydrolysis would have a mineral be produced (not an acid)
2KAlSi3O8 (s) + 2H+ +9H2O → Al2Si2O5(OH)4 (s) + 2K + 4H4SiO4
hydrolysis
what are the minerals in the hydrolysis example?
potassium feldspar and kaolinite
what is the general formula for feldspar?
Si3O8
what is important about the hydrolysis example?
it involves clay, which is hydrated by definition, but the reaction is not hydration
where does that particular hydrolysis reaction happen often?
weathering process in humid environment
what is the general formula for clay mineral?
(Na,Ca)(Al,Mg)SiO(OH)
CaCO3 (s)+ H2O + CO2 (g) → Ca2+ + 2HCO3-
simple solution
what is CaCO3? more?
calcite, main constituent of limestone
what reaction do limestones undergo at the surface?
simple solution
Fe2O3 (s)+ H2O → 2FeO*OH
oxidation
what must you do to determine redox?
look at the charge of the cation (or anion)
what is a common surficial reaction?
oxidation of iron
what is FeS2?
pyrite
what is Fe2O3
hematite
CaSO4*2H2O → CaSO4 (s)+ 2H2O
dehydration
what is CaSO4×2H2O
gypsum
what does gypsum turn into? how?
anhydrite, dehydration
(Mg, Fe)2SiO4 + 4H+ → 2(Mg, Fe)2+ + H4SiO
simple solution
what is the general formula for olivine?
(Mg, Fe)2SiO4
what does it mean if silicic acid is the product?
simple solution, bc its not a new mineral
Mg2SiO4 + 4H2O → 2Mg(OH)2 + H4SiO4
hydrolysis
what is Mg2SiO4?
forsterite, pure magnesium form of olivine
what is 2Mg(OH)2?
brucite
