SCI 1101 FINAL EXAM

Unit One: Oil drilling in Alaska wildfire refuge is part of U.S Senate tax bill (D2L)

Question: What are the US Senates' plans for ANWR and why would this be a problem?

Propose to allow drilling for oil. Oil and gas drilling will disrupt delicate ecosystems and the communities that rely on them

Unit One: The plight of Phoenix: how long can the "least sustainable" city survive? (D2L)

Question: Why do all the lush lawns and parks around Phoenix make it unsustainable?

There is a water shortage

Unit One: The plight of Phoenix: how long can the "least sustainable" city survive? (D2L)

Question: What are the future development plans for Phoenix?

A "master-planned" community with 5 golf courses, a vineyard, parks, lakes, and 28,000 homes

Unit One: As World's population Booms, Will Its Resources Be Enough for Us? (D2L)

Question: What was the human population in 2011 (this was a major milestone reached).

7 billion

Unit One: As World's population Booms, Will Its Resources Be Enough for Us? (D2L)

Question: What did a new UN study show about human population growth?

It may not stop anytime soon

Unit One: Human Impact on the Oceans (D2L)

Question: Are we having an impact on the ocean?After all they are huge, covering 70% of the earths surface.

Yes, humans have a BIG impact on the world's oceans

Unit One: Ecological Footprint - Explorer (D2L)

Question: How many earths do we need to accommodate the resources we are currently using globally? (FYI this is different for the US and the globe).

1.7

Unit One: More to Explore: Humans Impact on the Environment

Question: So how much water does it actually take to produce your morning latte?

200 liters ( about 20 gallons)

Unit One: Ted talk with Ben Goldacre "battle bad science" (D2L)

Question: What's wrong with the study that shows red wine can reduce your chance of breast cancer?

It is very detailed and does not correlate to what exactly happens when you drink red wine

Unit One: Ted talk with Ben Goldacre "battle bad science" (D2L)

Question: What did the "placebo" effect mean for students in the fish oil study?

Instead of taking a placebo sugar pill, they did not take a pill at all. Our mental beliefs about what should happen correlate to actual results

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

The global population is projected to be about ________ in 2050.

9 billion

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

he substances and energy sources that we take from the environment are ________

Natural Resources

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Solutions to environmental problems ________.

should be designed with the goal of sustaining Earth's natural capital

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Geothermal energy, wind energy, and solar radiation are all examples of ________.

renewable environmental resources

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Ecosystem services _______

are economically valuable services provided by natural systems

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Ecology__________

One of many scientific fields of study within the broad scope of environmental science

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Quantitative Data_________

Information expressed with numbers

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Independent Variable___________

The variable that is manipulated

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Prediction____________

Expectation of experimental outcome

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Theory__________

Widely accepted, well-tested explanation of one or more cause-and-effect relationships

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Hypothesis_____________

Statement that attempts to explain a phenomenon or answer a scientific question

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Social Science____________

The study of human interactions and institutions

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Roberto lives near a wind farm and is wondering about the environmental effects of the wind turbines. He ________ that the turbines make a sound like faint airplane engines and also that there are far fewer meadowlarks living near the wind farm than lived there before the wind farm was built.

Observes

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Ruben has a new puppy named Paddington and wants to feed him the best possible food. He decides on an experiment in which he will feed Paddington the very best canned food plus a dietary supplement of vitamins recommended by a veterinarian. Which of the following best describes Ruben's project?

Ruben needs to feed his mother's 6-year-old chocolate Shar-Pei named SallyJo a standard diet so that he can compare Paddington to a control.

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

The process by which several researchers review another researcher's manuscript prior to publication to ensure research quality is referred to as ________.

Peer review

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Which of the following statements best embodies the qualities of a scientific theory?

All gases, liquids, and solids consist of atoms.

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

In a controlled experiment, ________.

the researcher controls for the effects of all variables except one

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Which of the following lists the steps of the scientific method in the correct order?

observations → questions → hypothesis → prediction → test → results

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

What is a key "take-home message" about Easter Island?

An island population must live as responsible stewards of its resources.

Submit

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Pablo and Johanna must complete a yearlong study for their biology course. After some discussion, they decide to compare dog diets. To test their hypothesis that the local veterinarian's special dog food mix will enhance growth and development, each student adopts a puppy from the local pound. Pablo plans to feed his goldendoodle the special diet, while Johanna plans to use generic dry kibble from the supermarket for her bulldog.

how much the dogs grow

Submit

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

How many citizens of Haiti does it take to equal the ecological footprint of the average citizen of the United States?

Twelve citizens of Haiti equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen.

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

The U.S. average footprint is ________ times larger than the world average footprint.

3

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

The concept of sustainable development includes ________.

the needs of future generations

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Which of the following actions would increase the size of a person's ecological footprint?

moving out of mom and dad's basement into one's own house

Submit

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of ________.

non-renewable resources

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

A major change in scientific thought or the dominant view is known as a(n) ________.

paradigm shift

Unit One: MES reading quiz questions

The global average footprint per person has increased from 2.2 to 2.7 hectares since 2008, including the footprints of many developing nations such as India and China. This means that ________.

our collective lifestyle is even more unsustainable than before

Submit

Unit One: PPT

What is sustainability ?

A way of living so that Earth's resource can sustain us well into the future

Unit One: PPT

Renewable resources

Can replenish over short periods of time

Unit One: PPT

Nonrenewable resources

Are in finite supply - they form far more slowly than we use them

Unit One: PPT

The environment________

consist of all the living things and non living things around us. This includes people

Unit One: PPT

Environmental Science is ___________

The study of how the natural world works, how the environment affect us, and how we affect it

Unit One: PPT

What is an overshoot ?

Us surpassing Earth's capacity to sustainably support us

Unit Two: Just How Small is an Atom? (D2L)

Question: So how small are atoms really?

As small as a blueberry

Unit Two: CREN's supercollider (D2L)

Question: What is the largest scientific experiment ever undertaken ?

Large Hardon Collider

Unit Two: CREN's supercollider (D2L)

Question: In the "Supercollider", what collides?

Protons (hydrogen nuclei)

Unit Two: CREN's supercollider (D2L)

Question: What does the Supercollider actually do and why? (Why would scientists want to create this condition?)

to understand what everything is made of and how everything sticks together

Unit Two: How coal mine waste could help build your next phone (D2L)

Question: What do we depend on from China for our technology and what is one great way to reduce that dependence while also cleaning up the environment?

rare-earth elements.(A project near Mt. Storm, West Virginia, aims to change the supply dependence. Scientists want to remove rare earths from mining runoff.)

Unit Two: How coal mine waste could help build your next phone (D2L)

Question: What is the pollution from coal mining called that this would be removed from?

acid mine drainage

Unit Two: Geothermal explained: Where geothermal energy is found (D2L)

Question: How is geothermal energy produced?

The slow decay of radioactive particles in the earth's core

Unit Two: Geothermal explained: Where geothermal energy is found (D2L)

Question: Where (and why) are most geothermal power plants in the US?

western states and Hawaii (California generates the most electricity from geothermal energy.) he Geysers dry steam reservoir in Northern California is the largest known dry steam field in the world

Unit Two: Geothermal explained: Where geothermal energy is found (D2L)

Question: What are the pieces of earth's crust called and how do they behave?

Techtronic Plates

Unit Two: Geothermal explained: Where geothermal energy is found (D2L)

Question: How does geothermal energy find its way to earths surface?

-Volcanoes

-fumaroles

-Hot springs

-Geysers

Unit Two: Global Climate Change (D2L)

Question: What is the greenhouse effect?

The process by which gases hold heat in the atmosphere

Unit Two: Global Climate Change (D2L)

Question: How do methane and carbon contribute to the greenhouse effect?

C02(lots of it) and CH4 (little but harmful)

Unit Two: Global Climate Change (D2L)

Question: The IPCC concluded there is a 95% probability that _____ has warmed our planet.

human-produced greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide have caused much of the observed increase in Earth's temperatures over the past 50 years

Unit Two: Global Climate Change (D2L)

Question: Can current global warming be explained by energy from the sun?

No

Unit Two: Energy Information Administration (D2L)

Question: What are the percentages of primary energy consumption by source in 2022 (petroleum, natural gas, renewable, coal, nuclear)?

petroleum 35%, natural gas 34%, coal 10%, renewable energy 12%, nuclear 9%

Unit Two: Returning to Fukushima (D2L)

Question: How is the radiation being removed from the soil?

Removing deep levels of top soil for 7 years and placing it in plastic bags at temporary sites. Around 9 million bags of waist

Unit Two: Returning to Fukushima (D2L)

Question: Are residents being encouraged to move back to the edges of the evacuation zone?

Yes, but barley anyone has moved back. Less than half of 7,400 residents

Unit Two: Returning to Fukushima (D2L)

Question: What are 2 things they are doing to make sure things are safe for kids to go back to school?

Measure radiation in the food and a monitor in the front

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

________ are the main water-insoluble components of cell membranes.

Phospholipids

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Approximately 40 grams of the radioisotope iodine-131 were accidentally released into the atmosphere during the Fukushima nuclear accident. The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days. How long would it take for there to be 10 grams of iodine-131 left in the environment?

16 days

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

River water stored behind a dam is best described as a form of ________.

potential energy

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Which of the following reactions represents cellular respiration?

sugar + oxygen → water + carbon dioxide + energy

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

When you burn a log in your fireplace, you are converting ________.

chemical to thermal energy

Submit

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

The force driving plate tectonics is ________.

heat in the inner layers of Earth

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

At a ________, tectonic plates push apart from one another as magma rises upward to the surface.

divergent boundary

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Why was the earthquake that struck Haiti in 2010 so much more deadly than the earthquake that struck Tohoku, Japan, in 2011?

Japan has a stricter building code.

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Earthquakes result from ________.

energy released from movement at plate boundaries and faults

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

An atom has 2 electrons, 3 protons, and 3 neutrons. What is the atom's mass number?

6

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Plastics are ________.

moldable, petroleum-based hydrocarbons

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Overpopulation contributes to global warming when ________.

it leads to deforestation, increased agriculture, and increased use of fossil fuels

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Hydrogen bonds give water which of the following properties?

the ability to resist temperature changes

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

The smallest components of elements that still maintain the chemical properties of the elements

atoms

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Negatively charged particles

electrons

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Elements with the same atomic number but different atomic masses

isotopes

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Atoms or molecules with a charge

ions

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Uncharged particles that contribute to an atom's mass number

Neutrons

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Combinations of elements held together with bonds

Molecules

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Which of the following describes a property of pure water?

can hold many molecules in solution

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

The primary source of increased levels of greenhouse gases on Earth is ________.

modern human lifestyles

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

How does burning fossil fuels contribute to global warming?

Carbon present in coal, oil, and natural gas becomes the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide when burned.

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Undersea earthquakes and volcanic eruptions may produce ________.

tsunamis

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

The "ring of fire" is ________.

a belt of earthquakes and volcanoes that occur around the Pacific Ocean

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

________ is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.

Mass number

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

The law of conservation matter states that ________.

matter cannot be created or destroyed

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

Many organisms that undergo chemosynthesis use ________ instead of ________ to fuel the processes that convert carbon dioxide into sugars.

hydrogen sulfide (H2S); sunlight

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

During photosynthesis within plants, ________.

water and carbon dioxide are consumed

Unit Two: MES reading quiz questions

What are the three distinct layers of Earth?

core, mantle, crust

Unit Two: PPT

Matter is _________________

Defined as any material that has mass and occupies space

In ecosystems constantly is cycled

nuclear waste and pollution, can't be destroyed

Unit Two: PPT

Chemistry studies ____________________

the interaction of matter

Unit Two: PPT

The law of conservation of matter states ________

That matter can be transformed from one type of substance to another, but not created or destroyed

Unit Two: PPT

Nuclear Reactors use an element called ________________________ to power their reactors

Uranium

Unit Two: PPT

Elements are ________

substances with specific properties that cannot be broken down into substances with other properties

Unit Two: PPT

The most abundant elements in the Earth are _____

Oxygen, hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, and carbon

Unit Two: PPT

Atoms are _____________________

the smallest units that still have all of the element's chemical properties

Atoms of each element are made of three particles. (protons, electrons, neutrons)

Atoms of the same element always have the same number or protons

Unit Two: PPT

Protons

Are positively charged and determine the elements atomic number

Found within the nucleus

Unit Two: PPT

Neutrons

Have no charge

Help determine the element atomic number

Found within the nucleus

Within an element the number of neutrons many also vary, creating atoms with different masses called isotopes.

Unit Two: PPT

Electrons

negatively charged

The number of electrons can change, creating ions.