Organic Functional groups

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10 Terms

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<p>Alcohol </p>

Alcohol

Group name: Hydroxyl

Significance: Polar (and therefore water-soluble). Forms hydrogen bonds

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<p>Aldehyde</p>

Aldehyde

Group name: Carbonyl
Significance: Polar, found in some sugars and proteins

3
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<p>Ketone</p>

Ketone

Group name: Carbonyl

Significance: Polar, found in some sugars and important in metabolism.

4
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<p>Carboxylic Acids</p>

Carboxylic Acids

Group name: Carboxyl

Significance: Polar, typically donate protons in solutions, bears a negative charge.

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<p>Amine</p>

Amine

Group name: Amine
Significance: Polar, act as bases by accepting protons. Bears a positive charge.

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<p>Amide </p>

Amide

Group name: Amido

Significance: Polar, does not

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<p>Thiol</p>

Thiol

Group name: Thiol

Significance: Polar. Easily oxidized; can form -S-S- (disulfide) bonds readily

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<p>Ester</p>

Ester

Group name: Ester
Significance: Polar, found in certain lipid molecules.

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<p>Alkene</p>

Alkene

Group name: Double bond

Significance: Important structural component of many biomolecules (e.g. found in lipid molecules)

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<p>Phosphoryl </p>

Phosphoryl

Group name: Phosphoryl
Significance: DNA/RNA, membrane lipids, carb metabolism.