Origin, Insertion, and Action

Anterior Deltoid

Origin: Lateral Third of Clavicle

Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity

Action: Shoulder Abduction, Extension, Lateral Rotation, and Horizontal Adduction

Posterior Deltoid

Origin: Spine of Scapula

Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity

Action: Shoulder Abduction, Extension, Lateral Rotation, and Horizontal Abduction

Pec Major Clavicular Head

Origin: Medial Third of Clavicle

Insertion: Bicipital Groove of Humerus

Action: Shoulder Flexion, Medial Rotation, Addiction, and Horizontal Adduction

Pec Major Sternal Head

Origin: Sternum, Costal Cartilage of First 6 Ribs

Insertion: Bicipital Groove of Humerus

Action: Medial Rotation, Adduction, Horizontal Adduction, and Shoulder Extension from full extension

Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinatus Fossa of Scapula

Insertion: Greater Tubercle of Humerus

Action: Shoulder Lateral Rotation, Horizontal Abduction, and Stabilizes Shoulder

Upper Trapezius

Origin: External Occipital Protuberance, Superior Nuchal Line, Nuchal Ligament, and Spinous Processes of Cervical Spine

Insertion: Lateral Third of Clavicle and Acromion Process

Action: Scapular Elevation, Upward Rotation, Retraction, Head/Cervical spine Extension, and Lateral Flexion

Rhomboids

Origin: Spinous Processes of C7-T5

Insertion: Vertebral Border of Scapula and Base of Spine of Scapula

Action: Scapular Retraction and Downward Rotation

Biceps Brachii

Origin: Long Head - Supraglenoid Tubercle of Scapula. Short Head - Coracoid Process of Scapula

Insertion: Radial Tuberosity of Radius

Action: Shoulder Flexion, Elbow Flexion, and Forearm Supination

Triceps Brachii

Origin: Long Head - Infraglenoid Tubercle of Scapula. Lateral Head - Posterior Humerus. Medial Head - Posterior Surface of the Humerus

Insertion: Olecranon Process of Ulna

Action: Shoulder Extension and Elbow Extension

Rectus Abdominus

Origin: Pubic symphysis

Insertion: Ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

Action: Trunk flexion and compress abdomen

External Oblique

Origin: Inferior 8 ribs

Insertion: Linea alba and iliac crest

Action: Ipsilateral side flexion and contralateral rotation

Iliopsoas

Origin: Iliacus - Iliac fossa

Psoas Major - transverse processes of T12-L5

Insertion: Lesser Trochanter

Action: Hip flexion

Rectus Femoris

Origin: AIIS

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Action: Hip flexion and knee extension

Gluteus Maximus

Origin: Sacrum and ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter and IT band

Action: Hip extension and lateral rotation

Gluteus Medius

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Greater Trochanter

Action: Hip abduction and medial rotation

Adductor Magnus

Origin: Pubis and Ischium

Insertion: Linea aspera

Action: Hip adduction

Tensor Facia Latae

Origin: ASIS

Insertion: IT band to lateral condyle of tibia

Action: Hip flexion and abduction

Biceps Femoris

Origin: Long head - Ischial tuberosity

Short head - Linea aspera

Insertion: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Action: Long head - Hip extension and knee flexion

Short head - Knee flexion

Tibialis Anterior

Origin: Proximal lateral tibia

Insertion: First cuneiform and first metatarsal

Action:Dorsiflexion and inversion

Gastrocnemius

Origin: Posterior medial and lateral condyles of femur

Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Action: Knee flexion and ankle plantar flexion

Soleus

Origin: Tibia and fibula

Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Action: Ankle plantar flexion