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flatworms
Platyhelminthes
Ribbon worms
nemertea
Roundworms
nematoda
Arrow worms
Chaetognatha
Segmented worms
annelida
Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
dorsoventrally flattened
bilateral symmetry
simplest to organ systems
basic brain and central nervous system
incomplete GI tract no anus
turbellarians
type of flatworm
free living carnivores
<10 cm long
colorful
penis fencing
hermaphrodites or cloning
Flukes
type of flatworm
trematodes
~12000 species
parasitic
adults always live in vertebrate
tape worms
type of flatworm
cestodes
common intestinal parasite
hook on host gut and absorbs nutrients
Nemertea or ribbon worms
major phylum of worms
dorsoventrally flattened up to 30 m long
bilateral symmetry
Complete Gi tract
true body cavity and circulatory system
proboscis to capture worms and crustaceans
nematoda round worms
major phyla of worms
circular cross section
over 60k species
benthic
bilateral symmetry
complete GI tract and nervous system
hydrostatic skeleton
Chaetognatha or arrow worms
smallest phyla of worms
bilateral
Complete GI tract and nervous system
streamlined body with fish like fins and tail
allows rapid ambush strategy
Annelida or segmented worms
bilateral
complete Gi, nervous, and circulatory
internal and external segmentation
coelom
hydrostatic skeleton of longitudinal and circular muscles
Annelida- polychaetes
vast majority of marine annelids
parapodia
benthic free living or in tubes
hermaphrodites
organism with both male and female reproductive organs
scoleces
the anterior end of a tapeworm, bearing suckers and hooks for attachment
Proboscis
tubular sucking organ
Hydrostatic skeleton
helps move by forcing fluid against muscles lining the body wall
Coelom
body cavity lined with tissue developed from mesoderm
parapodia
flattened extensions off each segment with stiff bristles or gills
echinoderms
5 way symmetry (pentamorous)
water vascular system with tube feet
spiny skinned
Complete GI tract with separate mouth and anus
endoskeleton covered with ciliated tissue
echinoderms
what are sea stars, brittle stars and crinoids classified as?
Sea stars
type of echinoderm
class asteroidea
central disk with multiples of 5s arms
distributed internal organs
CaCO3 plates embedded in skin
Brittle Stars
type of echinoderm
class ophiurodea
central disk wit thin arms
organs concentrated in central disk
incomplete GI tract
Cinoids
type of echinoderm
Class crinoidea
5+ arms for suspension feeding
feather stars- crawl along shallow reefs
sea lilies: attached in deep oceans
Sea urchins and sand dollars
conspicuous, movable spines
CaCO3 plates fused into solid test
mouth on bottom anus on top
Aristotle’s lantern
Aristostle’s lantern
mouth of a sea urchin
Sea cucumber
type of echinoderm
class holothuroidea
mouth and anus at opposite ends
5 rows of tube feet
skin embedded with CaCO3 spicules
Evisceration
Evisceration
expel external organs when disturbed