Social Studies Lesson 5

Earth's surface

• always changing bcs of things like wind, water, and other natural events

gradual change

occurs in small stages over a long period of time, rather than suddenly

avalanche

• rapid and sudden change to the Earth's surface

• large amount of snow or ice slides down a slope, covering the land and altering the shape of the terrain in a matter of seconds or minutes

earthquake

ground shakes and moves suddenly, lots of damage in short time period

Sand dunes

slow change, wind gradually moves and accumulates sand particles, shaping them into distinctive dune formations

Tsunamis

fast change, occur when sudden displacement of water caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions -> powerful ocean waves

Environment

all elements and conditions, in which living things, including humans, animals, plants, and organisms, live, interact, and coexist

ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS

• WEATHER AND CLIMATE

• LANDFORMS

WEATHER

state of the wind, rain, and temperature in the atmosphere at any given time and place

CLIMATE

weather condition prevailing in an area in a given period of time

LANDFORMS

natural feature of the Earth’s surface

Philippines

• diverse landforms but esp volcanic ones bcs in Pacific Ring of Fire (high tectonic activity)

• own continental plate

• 2nd largest archipelagic country in the world after Indonesia

Water

• natural resource people take for granted the most

• We need it to survive and plant

• Powerplants also need water

Philippine Natural Resources

• 7,641 islands

• 300,000 square kilometers

Fishery Resources

• Territorial Waters - 2,200,000 square kilometers

• 2,400 fish species

• Top 7 fish-producing country

• 4.87 metric tons of fish

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ON FISHING

Increasing population and demand, pollution, technology and other human activities contributes to the endangerment of our marine resources.

R.A. 10654

amended the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 that aims to prevent, deter, eliminate illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing

Problems on Land and Soil Resources

• Soil Erosion

• Land Conversion

Soil Erosion

wearing away of a field’s topsoil by natural forces of water and wind

Land Conversion

changing status of land from agricultural to non-agricultural

Mineral Resources

• Top 5 Mineral Industry

• Top 3 Gold Reserves

• Top 4 Copper Reserves

• Top 5 Nickel Reserves

• 30% of Philippine landmass contain important metallic mineral deposits

IMPACTS OF MINING

• BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM

• LIVELIHOOD AND EMPLOYMENT

• HEALTH

• CONTRIBUTION TO THE ECONOMY

BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM

Reforestation as mandated by law should be done by mining corporations

LIVELIHOOD AND EMPLOYMENT

• Poverty incidence in mining areas is double the national average of 26%.

• Employment rate of 0.5% in 2010 by mining

HEALTH

• Working at mining sites exposes people to health hazards from mining waste and chemicals.

• Heavy Lifting, Heavy and Loud Equipment, Long Work Hours, Dusty Environment

CONTRIBUTION TO THE ECONOMY

Ph Gov earns little from mining industry attributed to fiscal policies and regulations