adaptations to the environment

abiotic limiting factors (2)

1. light limits photosynthesis
   OR
   daylength limits growth season;

2. (low) temperature limits growth/slows metabolism
   OR
   (low) temperature slows activity of decomposers;

3. (lack of) water due to frozen water/permafrost
   OR
   (lack of) water/rain limits photosynthesis/productivity;

4. nutrients (in permafrost)/quality/depth of soil limit production of organic molecules / OWTTE
   OR
   insufficient soil / permafrost for tree growth;

Suggest one way in which depth may act as a limiting factor for coral. (1)

low light levels/lower temperatures cannot support growth/metabolism ✔

Describe adaptations in mammals living in desert ecosystems to maintain osmolarity in their bodies.

1. behavioural adaptations to avoid over-heating / hiding in burrows/out of sun during hot period of day / active at cooler times of the day/nocturnal animals / panting;

2. adaptations for heat exchange such as large ears;

3. may have longer loop of Henle (to reabsorb more water);

4. may produce more ADH (according to osmotic concentrations of the blood) / produce concentrated urine / lower volume of urine;

5. camel humps that store fat that releases (metabolic) water when broken down;

6. reduced sweat;

7. any other valid adaptation; (e.g., light coloured coats)

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