Chapter 4: General Handling and Safety of Dental Materials in Dental Office

1.) Which of the following are considered to be personal protective equipment (PPE)?

a) Protective shields on model trimmers and on collection bins for lathes

b) Dust or surgical masks, eyewear, gowns, and hair coverings or tiebacks when appropriate

c) Surface and immersion disinfectants

d) Plastic wraps and covers

a) Protective shields on model trimmers and on collection bins for lathes

b) Dust or surgical masks, eyewear, gowns, and hair coverings or tiebacks when appropriate

c) Surface and immersion disinfectants

d) Plastic wraps and covers

2.) A hazardous chemical is any substance that _________?

1. can catch fire

2. can react or explode when mixed with other substances

3. is corrosive or toxic

4. may cause infection or disease

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 2, 3, 4

d) 1, 3

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 2, 3, 4

d) 1, 3

3.) Who has the responsibility of assessing hazardous chemicals and then passing the information to consumers?

a) Occupational Safety and Health Administration

b) Organization for Safety and Asepsis Procedures

c) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

d) Chemical manufacturers

a) Occupational Safety and Health Administration

b) Organization for Safety and Asepsis Procedures

c) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

d) Chemical manufacturers

4.) Acute chemical toxicity results from _______ levels of exposure over a ______ period of time.

a) high; long

b) high; short

c) low; long

d) low; short

a) high; long

b) high; short

c) low; long

d) low; short

5.) Which of the following is a symptom of acute chemical toxicity?

a) cancer

b) neurological defects

c) nausea

d) infertility

a) cancer

b) neurological defects

c) nausea

d) infertility

6.) Which of the following statements is true regarding hand protection when handling chemicals?

a) Latex gloves worn during patient care provide adequate protection for handling chemicals/

b) Latex in gloves degrades and can actually pull contaminants and chemicals through the gloves and onto the hands.

c) Nitrile gloves are not recommended for wear when handling chemicals.

d) It is impossible to develop a reaction to the latex products of gloves.

a) Latex gloves worn during patient care provide adequate protection for handling chemicals/

b) Latex in gloves degrades and can actually pull contaminants and chemicals through the gloves and onto the hands.

c) Nitrile gloves are not recommended for wear when handling chemicals.

d) It is imp

7.) When would one wear a rubber or neoprene apron?

a) Assisting with treatment of all dental patients

b) Mixing or pouring chemicals that are caustic

c) Assisting with acids used for bonding procedures

d) Grinding partial denture frameworks containing beryllium

a) Assisting with treatment of all dental patients

b) Mixing or pouring chemicals that are caustic

c) Assisting with acids used for bonding procedures

d) Grinding partial denture frameworks containing beryllium

8.) In order to protect staff and patients, how should a mercury spill be handled?

1. Have a mercury spill kit available.

2. Wear mask and utility gloves during the cleaning process.

3. Utilize an emergency shower to remove any residual mercury from the body.

4. Use the HVE to suction up spilled mercury.

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2

d) 1

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2

d) 1

9.) Which of the following is essential to prevent severe injury if phosphoric, hydrofluoric, or hydrochloric acid is splashed on the skin, eyes, or clothing during manipulation of various dental materials?

a) Call 911

b) Flush with water

c) Place an ointment and a bandage over the affected area

d) Use of a National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved dust and mist respirator facemask

a) Call 911

b) Flush with water

c) Place an ointment and a bandage over the affected area

d) Use of a National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved dust and mist respirator facemask

10.) How long is it recommended for eyes to be flushed, using an eyewash station, should an acid be splashed in the eyes?

a) 1 minute

b) 5 minutes

c) 10 minutes

d) 15 minutes

a) 1 minute

b) 5 minutes

c) 10 minutes

d) 15 minutes

11.) A basic “safe” policy for the storage of dental medications and chemicals is to keep them in a ______, dark place where they are not exposed to direct sunlight.

a) wet, warm

b) wet, cool

c) dry, warm

d) dry, cool

a) wet, warm

b) wet, cool

c) dry, warm

d) dry, cool

12.) A substance is defined as being corrosive if the pH is less than ______ or greater than ______.

a) 1.0-9.5

b) 1.5-11

c) 2.0-12.5

d) 2.5-13.0

a) 1.0-9.5

b) 1.5-11

c) 2.0-12.5

d) 2.5-13.0

13.) Which part of the chemical hazard communication program must describe how chemicals are handled in the workplace?

a) written program

b) employee training

c) chemical inventory

d labeling of containers

a) written program

b) employee training

c) chemical inventory

d labeling of containers

14.) What does SDS stand for?

a) Safety Data Sheet

b) Serving Dental Systems

c) System of Dental Services

d) Serving Dental Structures

a) Safety Data Sheet

b) Serving Dental Systems

c) System of Dental Services

d) Serving Dental Structures

15.) Which of the following is true concerning the labeling of chemicals in the dental office?

1. All chemicals must be labeled

2. No official labeling system is required

3. When a chemical is transferred to a different container, the new container does not require labeling

4. A photocopy of the label from an original container affixed to a new container is not acceptable

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2

d) 1

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2

d) 1

16.) Which color of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) labeling system denotes reactivity?

a) Blue

b) Red

c) Yellow

d) White

a) Blue

b) Red

c) Yellow

d) White

17.) Staff training for a hazard communication program is required once _________ for all continuing employees.

a) a month

b) a year

c) every 3 years

d) every 5 years

a) a month

b) a year

c) every 3 years

d) every 5 years

18.) The chemical training program for employees must include which of the following?

1. the use of hazardous chemicals

2. methods of production of chemicals

3. all safety practices, including all warnings

4. required personal protection devices

5. safe handling and disposal methods

a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

b) 1, 2, 3, 4

c) 1, 3, 4, 5

d) 1, 3, 4

a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

b) 1, 2, 3, 4

c) 1, 3, 4, 5

d) 1, 3, 4

19.) Which particulates are smaller than 50 microns?

a) dust

b) mold

c) splatter

d) aerosols

a) dust

b) mold

c) splatter

d) aerosols

20.) Which of the following is recommended to help manage the patient’s airway during dental procedures?

a) Having the patient use a pre-procedural mouth rinse

b) Having the patient sit up completely forward in the dental chair

c) Frequently turning the patient’s head to the side during the procedure

d) Using high-velocity evacuation (HVE) and a rubber dam whenever possible

a) Having the patient use a pre-procedural mouth rinse

b) Having the patient sit up completely forward in the dental chair

c) Frequently turning the patient’s head to the side during the procedure

d) Using high-velocity evacuation (HVE) and a rubber dam whenever possible

21.) How can the effects of bio-aerosols be minimized in the dental office?

1. Use a rubber dam

2. Use preprocedural mouth rinses

3. Use HVE while removing caries and tooth structure

4. Monitor HVAC systems to ensure optimal performance and removal of particulates

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2

d) 1

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2

d) 1

22.) Through which medium is dust generated and inhaled?

a) living mist

b) bio-aerosol

c) infectious waste

d) particulate matter

a) living mist

b) bio-aerosol

c) infectious waste

d) particulate matter

23.) Transmission of infectious disease from dental materials can be kept to a minimum by doing what?

1. Using standard precautions

2. Following bloodborne pathogen recommendations

3. Utilize overgloves or plastic covers

4. Areas and equipment clearly marked to identify what is contaminated and what is not

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2, 4

d) 1, 2

a) 1, 2, 3, 4

b) 1, 2, 3

c) 1, 2, 4

d) 1, 2

24.) Through which pathway would inhaled chemicals affect organs such as the brain, liver, or kidneys?
a) ingestion

b) chronic exposure

c) via the blood stream

d) absorption in mucous membranes

a) ingestion

b) chronic exposure

c) via the blood stream

d) absorption in mucous membranes

25.) Which of the following glove types would be used when working with chemicals?

a) vinyl

b) latex

c) nitrile

a) vinyl

b) latex

c) nitrile

26.) Which of the following is not a way for chemicals to enter the body?

a) injection

b) ingestion

c) direct contact

d) absorption through skin

a) injection

b) ingestion

c) direct contact

d) absorption through skin

27.) What is the purpose of the Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)?

a) provide information regarding the manufacturer

b) provide instructions for product use

c) provide instructions in case of spill

d) all of the options are correct

a) provide information regarding the manufacturer

b) provide instructions for product use

c) provide instructions in case of spill

d) all of the options are correct

28.) Materials that are transferred from larger containers to smaller containers must be labeled using what?

a) a photo of the original label

b) a specially made secondary label

c) secondary labeling is not necessary

d) either “a photo of the original label” or “a specially made secondary label”

a) a photo of the original label

b) a specially made secondary label

c) secondary labeling is not necessary

d) either “a photo of the original label” or “a specially made secondary label”

29.) Of the following phrases, which is not associated with employee training practices?

a) when a new employee is hired

b) when a new chemical product is added

c) once a year for all continuing employees

d) when scheduled by the manufacturer’s representative

a) when a new employee is hired

b) when a new chemical product is added

c) once a year for all continuing employees

d) when scheduled by the manufacturer’s representative

30.) How are large splatter particulates classified?

a) smaller than 30 microns

b) smaller than 50 microns

c) greater than 30 microns

d) greater than 50 microns

a) smaller than 30 microns

b) smaller than 50 microns

c) greater than 30 microns

d) greater than 50 microns

31.) Who provides SDSs?

a) OSHA

b) the doctor

c) the manufacturer

d) the dental supply house

a) OSHA

b) the doctor

c) the manufacturer

d) the dental supply house

32.) What are the components to look for in an effective overgown or laboratory jacket? Select all that apply.

a) have open sleeves that cover the wrist

b) cover to just below the hips

c) button up to the neck

d) fluid resistant

a) have open sleeves that cover the wrist

b) cover to just below the hips

c) button up to the neck

d) fluid resistant

33.) Describe the following terms:

• ignitable

• corrosive

• reactive

• toxic

• ignitable: the substance is flammable or combustible

• corrosive: the substance is either highly acidic or basic with a pH less than 2.0 or greater than 12.5

• reactive: the substance is chemically unstable or explosive, reacts violently with water, or is capable of giving off toxic fumes when mixed with water

• toxic: the substance contains amounts of arsenic, barium, chromium, mercury, lead, silver, or certain pesticides