The Modern Civil Rights Movement

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the Modern Civil Rights Movement, including important court cases, legislation, and influential figures.

Brown v. Board of Education

A landmark Supreme Court case in 1954 that ruled that 'separate educational facilities are inherently unequal,' effectively outlawing school segregation.

Little Rock Nine

A group of nine African American students who enrolled at Little Rock Central High School in 1957, which led to desegregation enforced by federal troops.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

The most significant federal civil rights law since Reconstruction, banning discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Mass Incarceration

A term used to describe the substantial increase in imprisonment rates in the United States, disproportionately affecting African American communities.

De Facto Segregation

Racial segregation that occurs in practice but not mandated by law.

Isaac Woodard

A Black WW2 veteran who was assaulted and blinded in 1946, becoming a symbol of the civil rights struggle.

SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)

A civil rights organization formed in 1960 that played a key role in the sit-ins and freedom rides.

Eisenhower's Southern Strategy

A political strategy by the Eisenhower administration to appeal to Southern whites by addressing their concerns about civil rights.

The New Jim Crow

A term coined by Michelle Alexander to describe the systemic disadvantage faced by African Americans in the criminal justice system, likening it to the Jim Crow laws.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Legislation that prohibited racial discrimination in voting, eliminating literacy tests and requiring federal approval for changes to voting laws in certain states.