effective communication - 1st quarter

communication

Communication is the process of sending, receiving, and exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, feelings, or messages between two or more people through verbal, nonverbal, written, visual, or digital means.

sender

The one who thinks about, creates and send the message to be shared.

message

The stimulus produced by the source. This stimulus contains meanings that the receiver will interpret.

channel

The medium through which a message travels between the source and the receiver. This can be face to face delivery or through the use of traditional and new media.

receiver

The one who accepts the message sent by the source through a channel.

feedback

A form of message, but it is created by the receiver in response to the message of the source.

environment

The setting where messages are sent and received. It include the clothes worn by the participants.

context

Refers to the condition under which the interaction occurs. Communication contexts include intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, and mass communication.

interference

Refers to anything that blocks the message of the source or changes how it will be perceived by the receiver.

physical noise

External Interferences such as loud sound from the environment.

someone whispering in a classroom can disrupt a presentation given by a teacher

physiological noise

Barriers within the participants such as problems in articulation.

headaches, pain, and physiological effects from medicine that affect the way you think or feel.

psychological nosie

Mental and bodily interferences such as daydreaming or hunger.

if a person starts to feel uncomfortable when someone enters a room, the resulting emotions could cause them to get distracted from their conversation.

semantic noise

Participants’ different interpretations and meaning making from the language used.

someone who says that they've bought a new car, only for the car to turn out to be second-hand.

language

is a system of words, sounds, symbols, or signs used by people to communicate thoughts, ideas, feelings, and information.

tone

can be formal or informal, respectful or sarcastic, cheerful or frustrated. In spoken language, tone is revealed through pitch, pace, volume, and inflection. In written language, tone is conveyed through word choice, punctuation, sentence structure, and formality

intent

refers to the purpose or reason behind a message. It answers the question: "Why is the speaker or writer communicating?"

While tone is how a message is delivered, intent is why it is delivered.

denotation

literal meaning

connotation

emotional or cultural meaning

purposeful communication

is the process of expressing ideas clearly, intentionally, and effectively to achieve a specific goal. It involves choosing the appropriate language, tone, and style based on the situation, audience, and purpose of the message.

audience

refers to the person or group who receives the message. Effective communicators consider the audience’s age, background, knowledge, and interests to ensure that the message is appropriate and understandable.

purpose

is the reason why the message is communicated. A speaker or writer may aim to inform, persuade, entertain, instruct, or express feelings. Knowing the purpose helps shape the content and delivery of the message.

context

refers to the situation, setting, or environment in which communication takes place. It influences the choice of words, tone, and style used. Communication may vary depending on whether it occurs in a formal or informal setting, face-to-face, online, or in writing.

tone

the attitude or feeling expressed in your words when you communicate. It shows how you feel about the message and how you want others to feel when they receive it.

verbal strategies

the ways we use spoken or written language to communicate our message clearly and effectively. These strategies help improve understanding, maintain attention, and make communication more meaningful.

Nonverbal communication cues

the messages we send without using words. These include body language, facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, posture, and even tone of voice. They help support or sometimes change the meaning of what we say.

personal comunication

happens within yourself. It involves your thoughts, feelings, reflections, and self-talk as you process information and make decisions. It helps you understand your own ideas and emotions.

Interpersonal Communication

happens between two or more people. It involves exchanging ideas, feelings, and information through speaking, writing, or nonverbal cues. It helps build relationships and understanding with others.

main idea

the central or most important point that a text, paragraph, or story is trying to communicate. It tells what the whole selection is mostly about and is usually supported by smaller details. It helps readers understand the overall message of what they are reading or listening to.

supporting details

pieces of information that explain, describe, or prove the main idea. They give more specific facts, examples, reasons, or explanations that help make the main idea clearer.

clues in written texts

signals that help readers find the main idea of a text.

TOPIC SENTENCES OFTEN STATE THE MAIN IDEA.

This means the first sentence in a paragraph usually tells what the paragraph is about.

THESIS STATEMENTS GUIDE THE ENTIRE TEXT.

This means in longer writings (like essays), the thesis statement tells the main point of the whole piece.

SUPPORTING DETAILS FOLLOW A CLEAR STRUCTURE.

This means the information that explains the main idea is organized in a logical way, making the text easier to understand.

clues in spoken texts

hints or signals that help listeners understand the main idea or important information in what a speaker is saying. These clues include changes in tone, repeated words, emphasis, and signal phrases that point to key ideas.

LISTEN FOR REPEATED OR EMPHASIZED WORDS.

When a speaker repeats or stresses certain words, it usually means those words are important and may point to the main idea.

NOTICE CHANGES IN TONE AND PACING.

A speaker may change their voice, such as speaking louder, slower, or faster, to highlight important ideas or emotions.

WATCH FOR PHRASES LIKE “THE POINT IS…”

Phrases like this directly signal that the speaker is stating the main idea or key message.

clues in multimodal texts

hints found in different forms of communication—such as words, images, sounds, and layout—that help readers or viewers understand the main idea.

IMAGES AND VISUALS HIGHLIGHT KEY IDEAS

Pictures, symbols, or graphics are used to show or emphasize important information in the text.

LAYOUT SHOWS IMPORTANCE AND ORDER.

The way a text is arranged (titles, headings, spacing, and placement) helps show which ideas are most important and how information is organized.

AUDIO AND NARRATION REINFORCE MEANING.

Sounds, voice, or music help support and strengthen the message being presented.

note-taking strategies

methods used to record important information in an organized and easy-to-understand way while reading or listening. They help learners remember key ideas and understand lessons better.

outline method

information is written in headings and subheadings to show main ideas and details

cornell method

notes are divided into key points, details, and a summary section

mind mapping

ideas are shown using diagrams that connect the main topic to related ideas

effective highlighting

note-taking strategy where important words, phrases, or ideas in a text are marked using color or underlining to help them stand out. It helps readers quickly identify key information when reviewing lessons or studying.

active questioning

reading and listening strategy where learners continuously ask questions before, during, and after reading or listening to a text.

summarizing the main idea

reading and listening skill where learners briefly restate the most important idea of a text using their own words.