EENT Final Practice Questions

both the SCM and traps are weak on the right, this suggest a lesion of what CN?

right CN XI

a lesion of which CN is most likely when an individual is instructed to look straight ahead, and one of their eyes deviates medially?

CN VI

an individual has no gag reflex on the left but does on the right, sensation is intact bilaterally on the "say ahh" test, the pharyngeal arch on the left is lower than the right. what lesion would this most likely be?

left CN X

lack of tear production could result from impairment of which CN?

CN VII

an individual cannot feel a wisp of cotton, which CN is affected?

CN V

the corneal reflex test which CN?

CN III, V, and VII

asking if an individual can feel an ice cube on the anterior portion of their tongue tests which CN?

CN V

a patient protrudes their tongue and it deviates to the left. this suggest a lesion of which CN?

left CN XII

Romberg's test is one part of the evaluation of which CN?

CN VIII

direct pupillary reflex is absent on the right, consensual reflex to left is absent. direct response is intact on the left and consensual reflex to the right is intact. where is the lesion?

right CN II

an individual opens their mouth as wide as possible and the distance is approximately 2 fingers in width. this would suggest the movement of the TMJ is...

decreased

when tapping on the patients parotid gland and it produces ipsilateral facial spasms. they should want to order a blood test for which of the following?

hypocalcemia

a single enlarged thyroid gland is most suggestive of what condition?

malignancy

where does the examiner place their fingers to palpate for movement of the TMJ?

anterior of the tragus of the ear

what is the chvostek's sign?

when tapping on the parotid gland produces an ipsilateral facial spasm

to palpate the thyroid gland, the examiners middle finger should be placed adjacent to which landmark?

cricoid cartilage

which of the following would be most likely to cause an inspection finding of a tracheal deviation?

pneumothorax

an individual respites feeling fatigues and constipated they have gained weight over the past few months and have dry, coarse skin and brittle hair. this would suggest they possibly have?

diffusely enlarged thyroid gland

to palpate the thyroid gland, the examiners middle finger should be...

on the cricoid cartilage

discovering a lymph node in the left subclavian fossa that is enlarged, hard and non moveable would indicate what?

GI metastasis

when an individual has an infection, the lymph nodes often become enlarged and...

boggy and tender

a lymph node that is hard, non tender and moveable suggest which of the following?

calcified

a red itchy foul smelling crusty ear would most likely be which of the following conditions?

otitis externa

which of the following is most likely to create hard, non-tender, nodules in the pinna of the ear?

gouty tophi

which of the following would present with a full "stopped up" feeling ear and retracted tympanic membrane?

blocked eustachian tube

when a tuning fork is placed on top of patient's head, if they hear the sound louder on the side that is longer on the finger rub test, which is the underlying cause of hearing loss?

acoustic neuroma

on the weber test, the sound louder on the short side of the rub test. which of the following is likely the cause?

excessive cerumen

if a person has unilateral sensorineural hearing loss on the weber test, they would hear the sound lower on the side that was ________ on the rub test?

long side

if the result of the rinne test bilaterally are 23 seconds on the mastoid and 47 seconds in front of the EAM, what is the result?

hearing is normal

amber fluid behind the tympanic membrane suggests what?

acute serous otitis media

beefy red tympanic membrane suggest what?

acute suppurative otitis media

tympanic membrane perforation and ear discharge suggest what?

chronic suppurative otitis media

an otoscopic exam, the TM is beefy red and intact without visible landmarks. the cone of light is scattered. which of the following is most likely?

bacterial infection

which of the following is a risk factor for acute toxic labyrinths?

taking aspirin

for the rinne test, the examiner sounds the tunning fork and then...

places it on the mastoid until the patient can no longer hear and then move it next to EAM

if an individual has a unilateral sensorineural hearing loss on the weber test, the patient would hear the sound on the side that was ______ on the rub test?

longer

the results on the finger rub test show that on the right, the patient can hear the sound to the fingertips on their outstretched arm and on the left they hear the sound to their elbow. on the weber test, the sound is louder in the right ear. which of the following results on the rinne test would be consistent with the other exam findings?

10 seconds on the mastoid, 20 seconds in the air

the cover/uncover test is useful to detect which of the following conditions?

opthalmoparesis

when an individual looks up, then looks straight ahead if there is a strip of sclera visible between the iris and upper eyelid what is most likely?

grave's disease

which of the following occurs when ones gaze shifts focus from far away to an object nearby?

pupils constrict

which of the following can grow across the cornea and obstruct vision?

pterygium

the cover/uncover test is useful to detect which of the following conditions?

strabismus

which of the following could cause a corneal abrasion?

entropion

which of the following describes the most likely eye examination findings for an individual with Argyll Robertson pupils? the pupils are....

miotic, irregular, do not react to light, and accommodate

redness and swelling near the medial side of the eye along with pressure if pus coming through the punctum when the lacrimal sac is present would suggest which of the following?

dacryocystitis

what are yellow deposits of the cholesterol around the eyelids called?

xanthelomas

a 67yo reported increasing difficulty driving at night due to the heightened glare from oncoming headlights. which of the following would most likely be the cause......

disruption of the red reflex

which of the following tests is most helpful in diagnosing glaucoma?

confrontation

which of the following describes the findings with adie's tonic pupils?

mydriatic pupil and slow light reflex

if a patient has a CN III lesion, which of the following are an associated finding?

mydriatic pupil

the amsler grid is used to diagnose which condition?

macular degeneration

a large amount of drusen bodes around the macula suggests?

macular degeneration

which of the following described anterior-venous nicking seen in the eye?

wider space between vein and artery

in individual with sudden onset of numerous visual floaters and sparks of light followed by vision loss like shade coming across is what condition?

retinal detachment

if someone had a brain tumor causing intracranial pressure, which of the following would be most diagnostic?

papilledema

what is the term for a lesion that is flat, nonpalpable, and less then 1 cm in diameter?

macule

when is arcus senilis clinically significant?

in patient is under 40yo

an individual reports diplopia when trying to read a book. which of the following exam findings indicates a CN VI lesion as possible cause of diplopia?

on eye cannot look down and in

which of the following is most commonly associated with cotton wool patches/exudates in the retina?

macular degeneration

which of the following is associated with cupping of the optic disc?

glaucoma

an abrupt onset of eye pressure and accompanied by a dilated pupil....

closed angle glaucoma

when a person's focus changes from far away to something nearby, the pupils ______ and the lens become more ______

constrict, rounded

which of the following is not recommended for people with rosacea?

use astringents

if an individual cannot close their left eye, which other exam findings would be most likely?

loss of facial muscle tone on the left side

which of the following causes copper and silver wiring to be seen in the eye?

arteriosclerosis

fever is associated with which of the following nasal conditions?

coryza

congenital syphilis may cause which of the following nasal conditions?

saddle nose

swollen, red nasal mucosa and thick purulent discharge suggest which of the following?

coryza

rhinitis medicamentosa is associated with which of the following?

medicated nose drops

nasal polyps are commonly associated with which of the following?

allergies

when palpation of the trachea reveals lack of side to side mobility, it raises the concern of what possibility?

malignancy

an individual opens their mouth as wide as possible and the distance is approximately 3 fingers in width. this suggest that the movement of the TMJ is ______

normal

which of the following could cause absence of the red reflex on the fundoscopic exam?

detached retina

palpation of a lymph node that is enlarged, hard, non movable and nontender suggest the node is.....

cancerous

an individual whose ears are constantly wet is likely to develop what?

otitis externa

a 56yo cannot accommodate to read small print held 8-10" from their eyes. there are no abnormalities detected on cardinal fields of gaze and pupil light reflexes are intact bilaterally. which of the following is most likely?

prebyopia

a blue gray ring encircling a 74yo iris is most likely what?

an indicator of hyperlipidemia

cauliflower ear tends to result from which of the following?

healed hematomas

a lump in the ear causes by excessive growth of the bony lining describes.....

exostosis

an individual with unblocked eustachian tubes often complains of hearing loss and....

their ears feeling plugged

which of the following is a risk factor for acute toxic labyrinth:

smoking

swimming

surfing

smoking

which of these would require a referral:

retinitis pigmentosa

wet macular degeneration

ectropion

pinguecula

wet macular degeneration

an individual who has xanthelasmas should be tested for which of the following?

high cholesterol

which of the following would indicate proliferation diabetic retinopathy?

neovascularization

an inverted, bulging optic disc suggests.....

increased intracranial pressure

if a person has horner's syndrome, they would exhibit ptosis of the eyelid and which of the following?

mydriatic pupils and anhidrosis

surfers are most prone to develop which of the following ear conditions?

exostosis

if a patient has a CN III lesion, which of the following would be associated finding?

anhidrosis on ipsilateral face

on examining a patient's mouth, a hard midline growth is palpable along the hard palate. the patient says it has always been there. the growth is most likely?

benign

clubbing of the nails could indicate which of the following conditions?

heart failure

an individual who smokes and has worked for the past 25 years as a landscaper develops ulcerations on his lower lip that was persisted for 3 weeks. what is most likely?

labial carcinoma

which of the following creates swollen gums that bleed easily?

vitamin c deficiency

which of the following suggest maxillary sinus infection?

toothache

which of the following would be the likely underlying cause of springiness and floating when nail roots are palpated?

lung cancer

rhinophyma is believed to be an extreme form of what skin condition?

rosacea

a subconjunctival hemorrhage can be caused by ______ but often idiopathic

increased intrathecal pressure

what causes paronychia?

bacteria

which of the following is associated with increased risk of colon cancer?

peutz-jeghers syndrome

the difference between bullae and vesicles is that bullae are....

larger in size

what does pitting of the fingernails suggest?

psoriasis