Topic 1: Starting points for the understanding of culture, society, and politics

Gender

rage of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between masculinity and femininity

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Socioeconomics status

measure of a persons work experience of an individual's or family's economic and social position in relation to others based on income, education, and occupation

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Ethnicity

cultural traits that shared a category of people (language, religion, national origin)

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ethnic group

integrate ethnicity and create a specific community

Religion

unified system of beliefs and practices related to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart

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Identity

distinctive character traits that define an individual or are shared by those belonging to a particular group

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Food taboos

One of the food taboos among Muslims, for instance,
is the eating of pork.

Istambays

Usually regarded as unruly, often suspected as thefts, and of other misdemeanors. Many of them are people who have difficulty in finding jobs because of inadequate opportunities in the Philippines.

Political Dynasties

Refer to groups whose members are involved in politics. Can be seen in families that have been part of the government for several generations.

Elections

A formal decision-making process by which a population | chooses an individual to hold public office.

Social Changes

refers to transformations that alter the roles and status of people as well as the structure and organization of society and its institutions.

Political change

occurs when there is an alteration in the way power and authority are exercised in a particular state.

Anthropology

is the systematic study of the biological, cultural, and social aspects of man.

Anthropology

It is a significant branch of knowledge because it integrates elements from the biological sciences and humanities to fully comprehend the complex human species, including their past practices, and social patterns across diverse cultures.

**Anthropos**

man

Logos

study or inquiry

Social anthropology

studies how social patterns and practices and cultural variations develop across different societies.

Cultural anthropology

studies cultural variation across different societies and examines the need to understand each culture in its own context.

Linguistic anthropology

studies language and discourse and how they reflect and shape different aspects of human society and culture.

Physical anthropology

studies the origins of humans as well as the interplay between social factors and the processes of human evolution, adaptation, and variation over time.

Political Science

systematic study of politics

Political Science

It focuses on the fundamental values of
equality, freedom and justice and its
processes are linked to the dynamics of
conflict, resolution, and cooperation.

Andrew Heywood

Who describes as “the activity through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live.”

Sociology

“the study of human social life, groups, and society.”

Sociology

it is an academic discipline that attempts to provide a deeper assessment of individual and group behavior, as well as the phenomena, by examining the interplay between economic, political and social factors.

Anthony Giddens

define the sociology as

“the study of human social life, groups, and society.”