Purple Book- Assessment and Testing

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60 Terms

1
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Appraisal can be defined as

a. the process of assessing or eliminating attributes
b. testing which is always performed in a group setting
c. testing which is always performed on a single individual
d. a pencil and paper measurement of assessing attributes

A. the process of assessing or eliminating attributes

2
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A test can be defined as a systematic method of measuring a sample of behavior. Test format refers to the manner in which test items are presented. The format of an essay test is considered a(n) _______ format

a. subjective
b. objective
c. very precise
d. concise

A. subjective

this is because the score relies mainly on the scorers opinion

3
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The National Counselor Exam (NCE) is a(n) ________ test because the scoring procedure is specific

a. subjective
b. objective
c. projective
d. subtest

B. objective

4
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A short answer test is a(n) ____ test

a. objective
b. culture-free
c. forced choice
d. free choice

D. free choice

5
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The NCE and the CPCE would be examples of a(n) _______ test

a. free choice
b. forced choice
c. projective
d. intelligence

B. Forced choice

6
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The ______ index indicates the percentage of individuals who answered each item correctly

a. difficulty
b. critical
c. intelligence
d. personal

A. difficulty

7
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Short answer tests and projective measures utilize free response items. The NCE and the CPCE uses forced choice or so-called ______ items

a. vague
b. subjective
c. recognition
d. numerical

C. recognition

8
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A true/false test has _______ recognition items

a. similar
b. free choice
c. dichotomous
d. no

C. dichotomous

9
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A test format could be normative or ipsative. In the normative format

a. each items depends on the item before it
b. each item depends on the item after it
c. the client must possess an IQ within the normal range
d. each item is independent of all other items

D. each item is independent of all other items

10
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A client who takes a normative test

a. cannot legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test
b. can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test
c. could not have taken an IQ test
d. could not have taken a personality test

B. can legitimately be compared to others who have taken the test

11
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In an ipsative measure the person taking the test must compare items to one another. The result is that

a. an ipsative measure cannot be utilized for career guidance
b. you cannot legitimately compare two or more people who have taken an ipsative test
c. an ipsative measure is never a forced choice format
d. an ipsative measure is never reliable

B. you cannot legitimately compare two or more people who have taken an ipsative test

The ipsative approach yields a within-person analysis

12
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Tests are often classified as speed test versus power tests. A times typing test used to hire secretaries would be

a. a power test
b. neither a speed test nor a power test
c. a speed test
d. a fine example of an ipsative measure

C. a speed test

13
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A counseling test consists of 300 forced response items. The person taking the test can take as long as they want to answer the questions

a. this is most likely a projective measure
b. this is most likely a speed test
c. this is most likely a power test
d. this is most likely an invalid measure

C. this is a power test

14
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An achievement test measures maximum performance or present level of skill. Tests of this nature are also called attainment tests, while a personality test or interest inventory measures

a. typical performance
b. minimum performance
c. unconscious traits
d. self-esteem by always relying on a Q-Sort design

A. typical performance

15
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In a spiral test

a. the items get progressively easier
b. the difficulty of the items remains constant
c. the client must answer each question in a specified period of time
d. the items get progressively more difficult

D. the items get progressively more difficult

16
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In a cyclical test

a. the items get progressively easier
b. the difficulty of the items remains constant
c. you have several sections which are spiral in nature
d. the client must answer each question in a specific period of time

C. you have several sections which are spiral in nature

17
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A test battery is considered

a. a horizontal test
b. a vertical test
c. a valid test
d. a reliable test

A. a horizontal test

18
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In a counseling research study, two groups of subjects took a test with the same name. However, when they talked with each other they discovered that the questions were different. The researcher assured both groups that they were given the same test. How is this possible?

a. the researcher is not telling the truth. The groups could not possibly have taken the same test
b. the test was horizontal
c. the test was a power test
d. the researcher gave parallel forms of the same test

D. the researcher gave parallel forms of the same test

19
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The most critical factors in a test selection are

a. the length of the test and the number of people who took the test in the norming process
b. horizontal versus vertical
c. validity and reliability
d. spiral versus cyclical format

C. validity and reliability

20
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Which is more important, validity or reliability?

a. reliability
b. they are equally important
c. validity
d. it depends on the test in question

C. validity

21
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In the field of testing, validity refers to

a. whether the test really measures what it proports to measure
b. whether the same test gives consistent measurement
c. the degree of cultural bias in a test
d. the fact that numerous tests measure the same traits

A. whether the test really measures what it proports to measure

22
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A counselor peruses a testing catalog in search of a test which will repeatedly give consistent results. The counselor

a. is interested in reliability
b. is interested in validity
c. is looking for information which is not available
d. is magnifying an unimportant issue

A. is interested in reliability 

23
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Which measure would yield the highest level of reliability?

a. a TAT, projective test popular with psychodynamic helpers
b. the WAIS-IV, a popular IQ test
c. the MMPI-2, a popular personality test
d. a very accurate postage scale

D. a very accurate postage scale

In the real world, physical measurements are more reliable than psychological ones

24
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Construct validity refers to the extent that a test measures an abstract trait or psychological notion. an example would be

a. height
b. weight
c. ego strength
d. the ability to name all men who have served as U.S. presidents

C. ego strength

25
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Face validity refers to the extent that a test

a. looks or appears to measure the intended attribute
b. measures a theoretical construct
c. appears to be constructed in an artistic fashion
d. can be compared to job performance

A. looks or appears to measure the intended attribute

26
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A job test which predicted future performance on a job very well would

a. have high criterion/predictive validity
b. have excellent face validity
c. have excellent construct validity
d. not have incremental validity or synthetic validity

A. have high criterion/predictive validity

27
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A new IQ test yielded results nearly identical to other standardized measures would be said to have

a. good concurrent validity
b. good face validity
c. superb internal consistency
d. all of the above

A. good concurrent validity

28
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When a counselor tells a client that the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) will predict their ability to handle graduate work, the counselor is referring to

a. good concurrent validity
b. construct validity
c. face validity
d. predictive validity

D. predictive validity

29
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A reliable test is _______ valid

a. always
b. 90%
c. not always
d. 80%

C. not always

30
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A valid test is ________ reliable

a. not always
b. always
c. never
d. 80%

B. always

31
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One method of testing reliability is to give the same test to the same group of people two times and then correlate the scores. This is called

a. test-retest reliability
b. equivalent forms reliability
c. alternate forms reliability
d. the split-half method

A. test-retest reliability

32
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One method of testing reliability is to give the same population alternate forms of the identical test. Each form will have the same psychometric/statistical properties as the original instrument. This is known as

a. test-retest reliability
b. equivalent or alternate forms reliability
c. the split-half method
d. internal consistency

B. equivalent or alternate forms reliability

33
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A counselor doing research decided to split a standardized test in half by using the even items as one test and the odd items as a second test and then correlating them. The counselor

a. used an invalid procedure to test reliability
b. was testing reliability via the split-half correlation method
c. was testing reliability via the equivalent forms method
d. was testing reliability via the inter-rater method

B. was testing reliability via the split-half method

34
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Which method of reliability testing would be useful with an essay test but not with a test of algebra problems

a. test-retest
b. alternate forms
c. split-half
d. inter-rater/inter-observer

D. inter-rater/inter-observer

35
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A reliability coefficient of 1.00 indicates

a. a lot of variance in the test
b. a score with a high level of error
c. a perfect score which has no error
d. a typical correlation on most psychological and counseling tests

C. a perfect score which has no error

36
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An excellent psychological or counseling test would have a reliability coefficient of

a. 50
b. .90
c. 1.00
d. -.90

B. .90

37
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A researcher working with a personality test discovers that the test has a reliability coefficient of .70 which is somewhat typical. This indicates that

a. 70% of the score is accurate while 30% is inaccurate
b. 30% of the people who are tested will receive accurate scores
c. 70% of the people who are tested will receive accurate scores
d. 30% of the score is accurate while 70% is inaccurate 

A.70% of the score is accurate while 30% is inaccurate

70% is true variance while 30% constitutes error variance 

38
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A career counselor is using a test for job selection purposes. An acceptable reliability coefficient would be ____ or higher

a. .20
b. .55
c. .80
d. .70

C. .80

39
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The same test is given to the same group of people using the test-retest reliability method. The correlation between the first and second administration is .70. The true variance (i.e. the percentage of shared variance or the level of the same thing being measured in both) is

a. 70%
b. 100%
c. 50%
d. 49%

D, 49%

.70 x .70 = .49 = 49% for the coefficient of determination

40
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IQ means

a. a query of intelligence
b. indication of intelligence
c. intelligence quotient
d. intelligence questions for test construction

C. Intelligence quotient

41
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_______ did research and concluded that intelligence was normally distributed like height or weight and that it was primarily genetic

a. Spearman
b. Guilford
c. Williamson
d. Galton

D. Galton

42
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Francis Galton felt intelligence was

a. a unitary faculty
b. best explained via a two factor theory
c. best explained via the person’s environment
d. fluid and crystalized in nature

A. a unitary faculty

43
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J.P. Guilford isolated 120 factors  which added up to intelligence. He also is remembered for his

a. thoughts on convergent and divergent thinking
b. work on cognitive therapy
c. work on behavior therapy
d. work to create the first standardized IQ test

A. thoughts on convergent and divergent thinking

44
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A counselor is told by his supervisor to measure the internal consistency reliability (i.e. homogeneity) of a test but not to divide the test in halves. The counselor would need to utilize

a. the split-half model
b. the test-retest method
c. the Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence
d. cross validation

C. the Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence

45
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The fist intelligence test was created by

a. David Wechsler
b. J.P Guilford
c. Francis Gaton
d. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon

D. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon

46
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Today the Sanford-Binet IQ test is

a. a non-standardized measure
b. a standardized measure
c. a projective measure
d. b and c

B. a standardized measure

47
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IQ stands for intelligence quotient, which is expressed by

a. CA/MA x 100
b. CA/MA x 100
c. MA/CA x 50
d. MA/CA x 100

D. MA/CA x 100

MA= mental age
CA= chronological age

48
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The Binet stressed age-related tasks. Utilizing this method a 9-year-old task would be one which

a. only a 10-year-old child could answer
b. only an 8-year-old child could answer
c. 50% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly
d. 75% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly

C. 50% of the 9-year-olds could answer correctly

49
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Simon and Binet pioneered the first IQ test around 1905. The test was created to

a. assess high school seniors across America
b. assess US military recruits
c. discriminate children without an intellectual disability from children with an intellectual disability
d. measure genius in the college population

C. discriminate children without an intellectual disability from children with an intellectual disability

50
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Today the Stanford-Binet is used from age 2 to adulthood. The IQ formula has been replaced by the

a. SAS
b. SUDS
c. entropy
d. KR-20 formula

A. SAS (standard age score)

51
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Most experts would agree that the Wechsler IQ tests gained popularity, as the Binet

a. must be administered to a group
b. favored the geriatric population
c. didn’t seem to be the best test for adults
d. was biased towards women

C. didn’t seem to be the best test for adults

52
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The best IQ test for 22-year-old single male would be

a. WPPSI-II
b. WASI-IV
c. WISC-IV
d. any computer based test

B. WASI-IV

WPPSI-II: Wechsler Preschool and Primary School Scale of Intelligence (2 years 6 months to 7 years 7 months)
WASI-IV: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (ages 16-90)
WISC-IV: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (6 years to 16 years 11 months)

53
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The best intelligence test for a sixth-grade girl would be the

a. WPPSI-IV
b. WAIS-IV
c. WISC-IV
d. Merrill-Palmer

C. WISC-IV

54
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The best intelligence test for a kindergartner would be 

a. WPPSI-IV
b. WAIS-IV
c. WISC-IV
d. Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator

A. WPPSI-IV

55
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The mean on the Wechsler and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence scales (SB5) is ______ and the standard deviation is __________

a. 100: 100
b. 100: 15 Wechsler, 16 Stanford-Binet
c. 100: 20
d. 100: 1

B. 100: 15 Wechsler, 16 Stanford-Binet

56
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Group IQ tests like the Otis-Lennon, the Lorge-Thorndike, and the California Test of Mental Abilities are popular on school settings. The advantage is that

a. group tests are quicker to administer
b. group tests are superior in terms of predicting school performance
c. group tests always have a higher degree of reliability
d. individual IQ test are not appropriate for school children

A. group tests are quicker to administer

57
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The group IQ movement began

a. in 1905
b. with the work of Binet
c. with the Army Alpha and Army Beta in WW1
d. with Freudian psychoanalysis and the psychodynamic movement

C. with the Army Alpha and Army Beta in WW1

58
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In a culture-fair test

a. items are known to the subject regardless of their culture
b. the test is not standardized
c. culture-free items cannot be utilized
d. African Americans generally score higher than whites

A. items are known to the subject regardless of the culture

59
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The black versus white IQ controversy was sparked mainly by a 1969 article written by ______

a. John Ertl
b. Raymond B. Cattell
c. Arthur Jensen
d. Robert Williams

C. Arthur Jensen

60
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