AndyRDH- Anatomy Section

Articulation

area where the bones are joined to each other

Process

any bony prominence

Sphenoid Bone has how many articulations

14

Pterygoid process is part of __________

sphenoid bone

True or false: The mandible is the only moveable bone of the skull at the Temperomandibular joint

True

..A radiopaque band extending downward and forward from the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

External Oblique ridge.

Internal Oblique Ridge

(mylohyoid ridge) follows the inside of the ramus and the body of the mandible.

Condyle articulates with

squamous portion of temporal bone

Coronoid process is the attachment point for _________

Temporalis muscle

Mandibular notch of mandible

depression between the condylar process and the coronoid process

Origin

Where the muscle orginates; the contraction is TOWARD the origin, the least moveable

Insertion

Where the muscle attaches to the more moveable bone

True or false:

If the name of a muscle is a "combination" the first part is the origin.... the second part is the insertion

True

sternocleidomastoid origin

Medial portion of the clavical and the sternums superior and lateral surfaces

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

Eleveneth (XII) cranial nerve or accessory nerve

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Sternocleidomastoid movement

tilts and rotates head and neck; flexing of neck; stabilize neck

Trapezius origin

External surface of the occipital bone and the posterior midline of the cervical and thoracic regions

Trapezius Innervation

Eleventh (XII) cranial nerve or accessory nerve

and Third and fourth cervical nerves

Trapezius Insertion

Lateral one third of the clavicle and parts of the scaapula

Trapezius Movements

Lifts and rotates the shoulders; dorsal flexion of the head; twist head

Muscles of facial expression

Orbicularis oris

Buccinator

Risoris

Zygomaticus

Levator anguli oris

Depressor anguli oris

Orbicularis Oris origin (muscle of facial expression)

encircles of the mouth

Orbicularis oris insertion (muscle of facial expression)

Angle of the mouth

Orbicularis oris expression (muscle of facial expression)

closing or pursing lips

Buccinator origin (muscle of facial expression)

Maxilla, mandible, and pterygoid raphe

Buccinator insertion (muscle of facial expression)

angle of mouth, orbicularis oris

Buccinator expression (muscle of facial expression)

Flattens cheek/ assists in chewing; assists the muscles of mastication (MMTL)

Risorius origin (muscle of facial expressions)

Fascia superficial to masseter muscle

Risorius Insertion (muscle of facial expression)

Angle of mouth

Risorius expression (muscle of facial expression)

smiling widely

Zygomaticus Origin (muscle of facial expression)

zygomatic bone

Zygomaticus Insertion (muscle of facial expression)

Major: Angle of mouth

Minor: Upper lip

Zygomaticus Expression (muscle of facial expression)

smiling and raising upper lip

Levator anguli oris origin (muscle of facial expression)

canine fossa of maxilla

Levator anguli oris insertion (muscle of facial expression)

angle of mouth

Levator anguli oris expression

smiling

Depressor anguli oris origin (muscle of facial expression)

mandible

Depressor anguli oris Insertion (muscle of facial expression)

angle of mouth

Depressor anguli oris expression (muscle of facial expression)

Frowning

True or false:

All facial muscles are innervated by the Seventh (VII) cranial nerve or facial nerve

True

Seventh (VII) cranial nerve is also called

Facial nerve

True or false:

In general, facial muscles have origins with bone and insertions in skin tissue

True

Muscles of mastication

-Mom Makes Tasty Lasagna

Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

masseter origin (muscle of mastication)

Superficial head: Anteriror 2/3 of the lower boarder of the zygomatic arch

Deep head: posterior 1/3 and medial surface of the zygomatic arch

True or false: Masseter muscle can become enlarged in patients who habitually clench or grind (bruxism)

True

Masseter insertion (muscle of mastication)

Superficial head: angle of the mandible

Deep head: upper half of ramus of and as high as the coronoid process of the mandible

Masseter Movement (muscle of mastication)

Elevation of mandible during jaw closing

Temporalis origin (muscle of mastication)

Temporal fossa

Temporalis insertion (muscle of mastication)

coronoid process of mandible

Temporalis movement (muscle of mastication)

Elevation of mandible during jaw closing

Retraction of mandible (lower jaw backward)

Medial Pterygoid origin (muscle of mastication)

Pterygoid fossa of Sphenoid Bone

Medial Pterygoid Insertion (muscle of mastication)

Angle of mandible

Medial Pterygoid Movement (muscle of mastication)

Elevation of mandible during jaw closing

Lateral Pterygoid Origin (muscle of mastication)

Superior head: Greater wing of Sphenoid bone

Inferior head: Lateral pterygoid plate from sphenoid bone

what muscle of mastication is most likely affected by direct trauma to the TMJ?

Lateral Pterygoid

Lateral Pterygoid Insertion (muscle of mastication)

Both heads: pterygoid fovea of mandible below condyloid process of mandible and intra-articular cartilage (articular disk) of TMJ

Lateral pterygoid movements (muscle of mastication)

Inferior Heads: Slight depression of mandible during jaw opening

One muscle: lateral deviation of mandible (shift lower jaw)

Both muscles: Protrusion of mandible (lower jaw forward)

True or false:

All muscles of mastication are innervated by the mandibular division of the fifth cranial or trigeminal nerve (v3)

True

true or false:

Blood is supplied by the maxillary artery (branch of the external carotid artery) to all muscles of mastication

True

True or false:

All muscles of mastication insert on the mandible

True

True or false:

All muscles of the hyoid insert on the hyoid bone

True

Hyoid muscles assist in _________

mastication and swallowing

What bone does not articulate with any other bone?

hyoid bone

Mylohyoid makes up the

floor of the mouth

Mylohyoid is innervated by

V3 (fifth cranial or trigeminal nerve)

Suprahyoid movement (includes the mylohyoid)

Depression of mandible

Suprahyoid Action (includes the mylohyoid)

Swallowing

Infrahyoid movement

Stabilize hyoid bone

Infrahyoid Action

Swallowing and speech

True or false:

Muscles of the pharynx are involved in speaking, swallowing, and middle ear function

True

what muscle of the soft palate initiates swallowing?

Palatoglossus muscle

Palatoglossus muscle elevates the_________of the tongue and depresses the ___

base; soft palate

tissue that extends from the junction of the hard and soft palates down to the mandible (distal to the last tooth) and stretches upon opening (Referred to as raphe)

Pterygomandibular fold

palatine rugae

the ridges that run horizontally across the hard palate behind the incisive papilla

Median palatine raphe

A midline ridge of tissue on the hard palate, which runs from the uvula to the incisive papilla

Floor of the mouth is located inferior to the ventral surface of the tongue and includes:

Lingual frenum

Sublingual folds (pilca siblingualis)

Sublingual caruncle

Lingual frenum

midline fold of tissue between the ventral surface of the tongue and the floor of the mouth

Sublingual fold (plica sublingualis)

a 'v' shaped ridge of tissue on each side of the frenum, which empty the sublingual glands

Sublingual caruncles (Wharton's duct openings)

A pair of papillae under the floor of the mouth extending from the first molar on either side of the lingual frenum. Each papillae contains an opening of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands.

Anterior 2/3 of the tongue muscles are innrevated by:

lingual nerve (v3) and chorda tympani

Posterior 1/3 of the tongue muscles are inervated by:

IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus

Genioglossus (extrinsic muscle of tongue)

Protrudes tongue (sticks tongue out)

Styloglossus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)

Retracts the tongue (has style, doesnt stick tongue out)

Hyoglossus

depresses tongue

True or false:

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue move/control position of the tongue

True

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue get their blood supply from the

Lingual artery

Contain taste buds (red in color)

foliate papilla

10 to 14, contains taste buds and associated with ducts of Von Ebner's glands, large

Circumvallate papilla

Fewer, Contain taste buds, red, mushroom shaped

fungiform papilla

the most numerous but do not contain taste buds, keratinized tissue give tongue a velvety texture; associated with geographic tongue and hairy tongue (whitish tint in color)

Filiform papilla

Foliate lingual

Located on lateral surface (side) of tongue, some contain taste buds

Sulcus terminalis of tongue

V shaped shallow groove separating anterior 2/3 of body from posterior 1/3 of base

What joint is the hinge and sliding joint?

TMJ

What bone includes the articular eminence (articular tubercle), articular fossa (mandibular fossa), and postglenoid process?

Temporal bone

what bone includes the condyle of the mandible, the coronoid process and the mandibular notch?

Mandible

Contains synovial fluid to lubricate the TMJ, divides the TMJ into two compartments called synovial cavities

Articular disc

what kind of connective tissue are articular disc's of tmj made out of?

Fibrous, dense, connective tissue

TMJ ligaments

TMJ ligament, sphenomandibular ligament, stylomandibular ligament