Topic 3 Particle Model - AQA Physics GCSE

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance.

Changes of State

Physical changes in matter that involve a change in state, such as melting, evaporating, freezing, condensing, and sublimation.

Internal Energy

The energy stored by particles within a system, including kinetic energy and potential energy.

Heating a System

Increasing the energy of particles within a system, either by raising the temperature or causing a change of state.

Specific Heat Capacity

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.

Specific Latent Heat

The amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without a change in temperature.

Pressure

The force exerted by gas molecules on the walls of their container.

Pressure in Gases

The relationship between pressure and volume in a gas, known as Boyle's law.

Increasing the Pressure of a Gas

Doing work on a gas by compressing or expanding it, leading to an increase in pressure and temperature.

Adding more particles to a fixed volume

Increasing the number of particles in a fixed volume, resulting in more collisions and an increase