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Density
The mass per unit volume of a substance.
Changes of State
Physical changes in matter that involve a change in state, such as melting, evaporating, freezing, condensing, and sublimation.
Internal Energy
The energy stored by particles within a system, including kinetic energy and potential energy.
Heating a System
Increasing the energy of particles within a system, either by raising the temperature or causing a change of state.
Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
Specific Latent Heat
The amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without a change in temperature.
Pressure
The force exerted by gas molecules on the walls of their container.
Pressure in Gases
The relationship between pressure and volume in a gas, known as Boyle's law.
Increasing the Pressure of a Gas
Doing work on a gas by compressing or expanding it, leading to an increase in pressure and temperature.
Adding more particles to a fixed volume
Increasing the number of particles in a fixed volume, resulting in more collisions and an increase
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