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Empirical Formula

The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule.

Molecular Formula

A formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule, which is a multiple of the empirical formula.

Subscripts

Numbers written below and to the right of a chemical symbol that indicate the number of atoms of that element in a molecule.

Coefficients

Numbers written in front of the compounds in a chemical equation to indicate how many units of each substance are involved.

Reactants

The starting materials in a chemical reaction, found on the left side of a chemical equation.

Products

The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction, found on the right side of a chemical equation.

Balancing a Chemical Equation

The process of ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

Hydrocarbon

A compound consisting exclusively of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Alkane

A hydrocarbon with only single bonds.

Alkene

A hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond.

Alkyne

A hydrocarbon containing at least one triple bond.